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Micro Exam VI > ChlamydiaInfections > Flashcards

Flashcards in ChlamydiaInfections Deck (39)
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1
Q

What is the most reported STD in the US?

A

Chlamydia (C. Trachomatis)

2
Q

Annual new infections of STDS:

A

50 million

3
Q

Reason for number of new cases of bacterial STDs outnumbering existing cases:

A

They are treatable

4
Q

Young people (15-24) represent what % of all new reported STIs?

A

50%

5
Q

What patient group have the highest rate of STIs?

A

MSM

6
Q

What patient group typically have lowest rate of STIs:

A

WSW

7
Q

What is the most common species of Chlamydia:

A

Chlamydia Trachomatis

8
Q

Chlamydia is a bacteria, but what makes it different from most bacteria?

A

They replicate ONLY within cells (intracellular pathogen). They LACK peptidoglycan.

9
Q

C. Trachomatis is a common cause of:

A

Genital infection and conjunctivitis

10
Q

Chlamydia characteristics:

A

Obligate intracellular pathogen (cannot make own ATP). Have a gram - like envelope but NO peptidoglycan. EB + RBs.

11
Q

Two distinct stages of Chlamydia’s life cycle:

A

Elementary: infectious. Reticulate: replicative (will divide)

12
Q

Elementary bodies characteristics versus Replicative Bodies:

A

Elementary= small with rigid cell wall and adapted for extracellular survival. Reticulate: adapted for intracellular growth.

13
Q

Life Cycle of Chlamydia:

A

Elementary bodies infect > EBs become reticulate bodies > INCLUSION formed of RBs> elementary bodies formed and released for more infection. All within 72 hours.

14
Q

What is the host of C. Trachomatis:

A

Humans are ONLY known host.

15
Q

The two biovars of C. Trachomatis:

A

Trachoma and LGV

16
Q

**After biovars, how is C. Trachomatis differentiated:

A

By SEROVARS, based on major outer membrane protein (MOMP) (each leads to a different immune response)

17
Q

Tropism of C. Trachomatis:

A

Tropism for NON-CILIATED, columnary, cuboidal or transitional epithelial cells

18
Q

Disease by C. Trachomatis is due to:

A

Destruction of epithelia and the pro inflammatory cytokine response.

19
Q

Without treatment, C. Trachomatis can lead to what in women:

A

Fibrosis (fertility implicated)

20
Q

Diseases caused by C. Trachomatis (5):

A

Trachoma. Inclusion conjunctivitis. STI/Urogenital infections. Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV). Infant pneumonia

21
Q

Serovars of C. Trachomatis that cause Trachoma:

A

A, B, Ba, C

22
Q

Serovars of C. Trachomatis that cause disease of the urogenital tract:

A

D-K

23
Q

**Serovars of C. Trachomatis that cause LGV:

A

L1-L3

24
Q

Why are LGV serovars more invasive than other serovars

A

Because they replicate in phagocytes

25
Q

Cause of Chronic Conjunctivitis:

A

C. Trachomatis. Destruction of conjunctiva and folding.

26
Q

What is the leading cause of preventable blindness?

A

Chronic Chlamydia Conjunctivitis

27
Q

Acute conjunctivitis in sexually active adults commonly caused by:

A

C. Trachomatis

28
Q

Presentation of Neonatal Conjunctivitis:

A

5-12 days following birth > eyelid swelling and discharge.

29
Q

Cause of Neonatal Conjunctivitis:

A

Neonate exposed at birth to C. Trachomatis

30
Q

**C. Trachomatis UG Infection in Men- Symptoms:

A

Urethritis with dysuria. Thin urethral MUCOPURULENT discharge.

31
Q

**C. Trachomatis infection in men may progress to:

A

Reiter Syndrome: Triad: urethritis, conjunctivitis, polyarthritis

32
Q

*C. Trachomatis UG Infection in Women mainly:

A

80% are asymptomatic and they serve as reservoir for infection

33
Q

C. Trachomatis UG Infection in Women- Symptoms:

A

Mucopurulent Discharge. May also lead to pelvic inflammatory disease

34
Q

Most common age range for infection by C. Trachomatis:

A

20-24 (15-24 overall)

35
Q

What type of C. Trachomatis infection is highly prevalent in Africa, Asia and S. America or associated with travel?

A

Lymphogranuloma Venereum (LGV)

36
Q

**Presentation of Lymphogranuloma Venereum:

A

PAINLESS lesion/papule at site of infection with inguinal lymphadenopathy. Proctitis is a common result of lymphatic spread.

37
Q

**Diagnosis of C. Trachomatis:

A

Must have EPITHELIAL CELLS > iodine identifies glycogen inclusions in RETICULATE bodies

38
Q

**Test of Choice for C. Trachomatis Diagnosis:

A

Nucleic acid amplification from URINE or DISCHARGE (Also used for gonorrhoeae)

39
Q

**Treatment of C. Trachomatis Infection:

A

Doxycycline or Macrolides