Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Medical Language > Chp 2 Vocabulary > Flashcards

Chp 2 Vocabulary Flashcards

(93 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is the abdominal cavity?

A

The body cavity in the abdomen, surrounded by the diaphragm superiorly, the abdominal wall anteriorly, and the bones of the spine posteriorly. It contains the stomach, small intestine, part of the large intestine, spleen, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and kidneys.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does the combining form ‘abdomin/o-‘ refer to?

A

It refers to the abdomen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the abdominopelvic cavity?

A

A body cavity formed by the combined abdominal and pelvic cavities.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does ‘acute’ mean in medical terms?

A

Symptoms and signs of diseases that are sudden in nature and severe in intensity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the anatomical position?

A

Standard position of the body for the purpose of study: standing erect, head up, eyes facing forward, arms by the sides with palms facing forward, and legs straight with toes pointing forward.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is anatomy?

A

The study of the structures of the human body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does ‘anterior’ mean?

A

Front of the body or an organ; also known as ventral.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does ‘asymptomatic’ mean?

A

Showing no symptoms or signs of disease.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a body cavity?

A

A hollow space surrounded by bones or muscles that support and protect organs and structures within the cavity. There are five body cavities: cranial, spinal, thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a body plane?

A

An imaginary flat surface that divides the body into two parts. There are three body planes: the sagittal plane, coronal plane, and transverse plane.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are body quadrants?

A

Imaginary lines that divide the anterior surface of the abdominopelvic area into four parts: right upper quadrant, left upper quadrant, right lower quadrant, and left lower quadrant.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are body regions?

A

Imaginary lines that divide the anterior surface of the abdominopelvic area into nine parts: right and left hypochondriac regions, epigastric region, right and left lumbar regions, umbilical region, right and left inguinal regions, and the hypogastric region.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does ‘caudad’ mean?

A

Body direction going toward the tailbone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a cell?

A

The smallest, independently functioning structure in the body that can reproduce itself.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does ‘cephalad’ mean?

A

Body direction going toward the head.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does ‘chronic’ mean?

A

Symptoms and signs of disease that continue for 3 months or longer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does ‘congenital’ refer to?

A

Caused by an abnormality in fetal development or an abnormal process that occurs during gestation or birth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the coronal plane?

A

A vertical body plane that divides the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) sections. Also known as the frontal plane.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the cranial cavity?

A

A body cavity within the skull, surrounded by the bony cranium; it contains the brain, cranial nerves, and related structures.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What does degenerative mean?

A

Caused by progressive destruction of cells due to disease or the aging process.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is a disease?

A

Any change in the normal structure or function of the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is a disability?

A

Permanent loss of the ability to perform certain activities or function in a given way.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is a disorder?

A

Disturbance in action or function, often mental or psychiatric in nature.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What does distal refer to?

A

Body direction going from the top of an arm or leg toward the fingers or toes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What does dorsal mean?
Back of the body. Lying on the back is the dorsal supine position.
26
What is environmental disease?
Caused by exposure to substances in the environment.
27
What is the epigastric region?
Body region on the anterior surface of the abdominopelvic area, superior to the umbilical region.
28
What does etiology mean?
The cause or origin of a disease.
29
What is exacerbation?
Sudden worsening in the severity of symptoms or signs.
30
What does external refer to?
Outer, superficial surface of the body or an organ.
31
What is genetic disease?
Caused by a mutation in a person's genes or chromosomes during fetal development.
32
What is health?
State of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.
33
What is hereditary disease?
Caused by an inherited recessive defective gene, passed on to a child from a parent who carries the defective gene but does not have the disease.
34
What is a hospital-acquired infection?
Caused by exposure to a disease-causing agent while in the hospital. Previously known as a nosocomial infection.
35
What are hypochondriac regions?
Right and left body regions on the anterior surface of the abdominopelvic area, just below the cartilage of the ribs.
36
What is the hypogastric region?
Body region on the anterior surface of the abdominopelvic area. It is inferior to the umbilical region.
37
What is iatrogenic disease?
Caused by medicine or treatment given to the patient.
38
What does idiopathic mean?
Having no identifiable or confirmed cause.
39
What is an infectious disease?
Caused by a pathogen. A communicable disease is an infectious disease that is transmitted by direct or indirect contact with an infected person, animal, or insect.
40
What are the inferior inguinal regions?
Lower part of the body or an organ. Right and left body regions on the anterior surface of the abdominopelvic area. They are lateral to the hypogastric region.
41
What are the internal lateral lumbar regions?
Inside of the body or an organ. Body direction going from the midline toward the side. Bilateral indicates both sides. Right and left body regions on the anterior surface of the abdominopelvic area. They are lateral to the umbilical region.
42
What does medial mean?
Body direction going from the side toward the midline.
43
What is a neoplastic disease?
Caused by the growth of a benign (not cancerous) or a malignant (cancerous) tumor or mass.
44
What is a nutritional disease?
Caused by lack of nutritious food, too little food, or an inability to utilize the food that is eaten.
45
What is a pathogen?
Disease-causing microorganism, such as a bacterium, virus, fungus, etc.
46
What is the pelvic cavity?
Body cavity in the lower abdomen. It is continuous with the abdominal cavity. It is surrounded by the pelvic bones anteriorly and bilaterally and bones of the spine posteriorly. It contains part of the large intestine, uterus, bladder, some of the internal genitalia, and related structures.
47
What is physiology?
Study of the functions of structures in the human body.
48
What does posterior mean?
Back of the body or an organ.
49
What is preventive medicine?
Health care that focuses on preventing disease.
50
What is prognosis?
Predicted course and outcome of a disease.
51
What does prone mean?
Lying face down on the anterior surface of the body.
52
What does proximal mean?
Body direction going from the fingers or toes toward the top of the arm or leg.
53
What is recuperation?
Process of recovery and return to a normal state of health.
54
What does refractory mean?
Pertaining to a disease that does not respond well to treatment.
55
What is a relapse?
Recurrence or return of the original symptoms or signs of a disease.
56
What does infect/o- mean?
disease within
57
What does path/o- mean?
disease
58
What does communic/o- mean?
impart; transmit
59
What does infer/o- mean?
below
60
What does inguin/o- mean?
groin
61
What does intern/o- mean?
inside
62
What does later/o- mean?
side
63
What does lumb/o- mean?
lower back
64
What does medi/o- mean?
middle
65
What does ne/o- mean?
new
66
What does plast/o- mean?
formation; growth
67
What does nutrit/o- mean?
nourishment
68
What does pelv/o- mean?
hip bone; pelvis; renal pelvis
69
What does physi/o- mean?
physical function
70
What does poster/o- mean?
back part
71
What does prevent/o- mean?
prevent
72
What does medic/o- mean?
medicine
73
What does gnos/o- mean?
knowledge
74
What does proxim/o- mean?
near the center; the point of origin
75
What does recuper/o- mean?
recover
76
What does fract/o- mean?
bend; break up
77
What is remission?
Period of time after treatment during which there are no symptoms or signs of a disease.
78
What is the sagittal plane?
Vertical body plane that divides the body into right and left sides.
79
What is a sequela?
Complication that is caused by the original disease and remains after the disease has resolved.
80
What is a sign?
Symptom that can be identified, felt, or detected by others.
81
What is the spinal cavity?
Body cavity in the back, a continuation of the cranial cavity, surrounded by the bones of the spine. It contains the spinal cord, spinal nerves, and related structures.
82
What does subacute mean?
Symptoms and signs that are less severe in intensity than acute symptoms.
83
What does superior refer to?
Upper part of the body or an organ.
84
What is surgery?
Operative procedure to treat a disease that cannot be treated with drugs or therapy.
85
What is a symptom?
Any deviation from health that is experienced and felt by the patient.
86
What is symptomatology?
Clinical picture of all the patient's symptoms and signs.
87
What is a syndrome?
Set of symptoms and signs associated with and characteristic of a specific disease.
88
What is a terminal illness?
Disease from which there is no hope of recovery and one that will eventually result in the patient's death.
89
What is therapeutic treatment?
Treatment that makes the symptoms and signs of a disease disappear.
90
What is the thoracic cavity?
Body cavity in the chest, surrounded by the breastbone, ribs, bones of the spine, and diaphragm. It contains the heart, lungs, and other structures.
91
What is the transverse plane?
Horizontal body plane that divides the body into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) segments.
92
What is the umbilical region?
Body region on the anterior surface of the abdominopelvic area, centered around the umbilicus.
93
What does ventral mean?
Front of the body.

Medical Language (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions