Christianity Flashcards

(35 cards)

1
Q

What is the Last Supper

A

Jesus shared his last meal with his disciples where bread was broken and wine drunk. Jesus predicted that one disciple would betray him

“I will not eat it again until it finds fulfillment under the kingdom of God”

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2
Q

What is Betrayal and arrest

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Soldiers came for Jesus while he was in the garden of Gethsemane. Judas had betrayed him by telling the soldiers where he could be found

“While he was speaking, Judas, one of the Twelve arrived. With him was a large crowd armed with soldiers and clubs

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3
Q

What is Ascension

A

The resurrected Jesus ascended to heaven 40 days after his Resurrection

“After the Lord Jesus had spoken with them, he was taken up into heaven”

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4
Q

What is Resurrection + semi teaching

A

Jesus was brought back to life 3 days after his crucifixion
“He is not here, he has risen”

Teaches christians that Jesus is divine and human at the same time as he died and came back to life

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5
Q

What is Crucifixion

A

Jesus was sentenced to death on a cross as he was accused of blasphemy, tried and found guilty

“Carrying his own cross, he went out to the place of the skull”

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6
Q

How are the 5 events of Jesus important

A

They show evidence that Jesus was the son of God and came to Earth in human form. They show that Jesus was special and worthy of obedience.

They demonstrate life after death

They show the relationship between God and Jesus. Christians believe through the death of Jesus, God saved or redeemed humanity, and it is through Jesus’s example that God can forgive them

They help Christians to understand the sacrifice Jesus made and the importance of Jesus within Christianity

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7
Q

Why is Jesus’s Crucifixion important? (influence)

A

One way in which the crucifixion influences Christians today is by teaching them that suffering is a part of human life and offering hope during times of suffering. They believe Jesus willingly chose to suffer to bring humans closer to God, and this encourages them to endure their own suffering with faith and patience.

Another way in which the crucifixion influences Christians is that it gives them hope that their sins will be forgiven if they repent. Christians believe that Jesus’ death was a sacrifice for humanity’s sins, demonstrating God’s mercy. The Bible says, “Christ died for our sins” (1 Corinthians 15:3), showing that through Jesus’ sacrifice, forgiveness is possible

Jesus’s sacrifice on the cross gives hope to Christians that their sins will be forgiven if they sincerely repent. Christians believe Jesus’s death was a sacrifice for humanity’s sins, showing God’s love and mercy.

Christians believe that God understands human suffering because Jesus who is God experienced it

Christians accept that suffering is a part of life and find meaning in it as it was also a part of Jesus life who had willingly chose suffering to bring humans closer to God.

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8
Q

What is Christian belief about Resurrection (in the afterlife)

A

One way the Resurrection shows belief in the afterlife is that Christians believe Jesus rose from the dead, proving that death is not the end. This gives them hope that they too will have eternal life if they follow God.

The Bible says, “He is not here; he has risen!” (Luke 24:6), which supports the belief that there is life after death for those who believe.

Christians believe that death is not the end. They believe that the Resurrection of Jesus- when he came back to life from the dead proves life after death

“I am the Resurrection and the life. The one who believes in me will live, even though they die”

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9
Q

Judgement in Christianity

A

Christians believe God is just and will decide the destination of every human after death. They also believe Jesus is involved in the judgement and will offer every human the opportunity of salvation. Those who refuse will face the Last Judgement

“For we must all appear before the judgement seat of Christ”

Heaven - eternal happiness with God
Hell - eternal separation from God

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10
Q

Heaven in Christianity

A

Some Christians believe heaven is a spiritual state of being united with God for eternity. The Bible teaches that there is no sadness or suffering in heaven. Some Christians believe that those who only believe in Jesus will be with God in heaven

“we have a building from God, an eternal house in heaven”

States of mind
Heaven = Joy
“Then they will go away to eternal punishment, but the righteous to eternal life.”

Heaven is where believers experience God’s full presence and love
“They will see his face”
Unlike earth, heaven offers a direct communication wit God

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11
Q

Hell in Christianity

A

The Bible teaches that hell is where the sinners go after death if they have not accepted God’s offer of forgiveness and salvation through Jesus.

“be afraid of the One who can destroy both soul and body in hell”

State of mind
He’ll = guilt

Hell is eternal separation from God as punishment from sin
“Then they will go away to eternal punishment”
Hell is for those rejecting God’s forgiveness losing all connection to love

Some Christians view hell as a state of emptiness rather than a physical place where Souls feel the absence of God’s love and feel guilt.

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12
Q

Soul in Christianity

A

Christians believe the soul is immortal.
Souls that have been saved either go to heaven or purgatory (the waiting room where souls are cleansed before going to heaven)
Souls that have not achieved salvation will go to hell

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13
Q

Nature of Trinity

A

One Christian belief about the Trinity is that Jesus is the Son of God and also fully God. Christians believe he was sent to Earth to save humanity through his death and resurrection. The Nicene Creed says, “For us and for our salvation he came down from heaven,” showing his divine role.

Another belief is that God the Father is the creator and sustainer of the world. Christians believe he is all-powerful and will judge everyone after death. This belief encourages Christians to live according to God’s will.

Christians believe in three equal yet distinct persons in one God - the Father the son and the Holy Spirit

“Baptise them in the name of the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit

The Father is the creator of everything “in the beginning God created the heavens and the earth”

The Son is Jesus Christ who came to Earth as God in human form and was crucified to redeem humanity’s sins
‘For us and our salvation he came down from heaven’

the holy spirit is the invisible power of God that works within the world today to guide and inspire us
‘The giver of life, who proceeds from the Father and the Son’

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14
Q

Sin in Christianity

A

A sin is any thought or action that separates humans from God

Original sin - humans are born with an in built tendency to sin

Original sin exists because humans are believed to be descended from Adam and Eve who disobeyed God in the Garden of Eden resulting in evil entering the world

“just as sin entered the world through one man”

Christians believe God gave people free will but they should use their freedom to make choices God would approve of

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15
Q

Salvation in Christianity

A

Salvation means to be saved from sin and its consequences

Salvation repairs the damage caused by sin

Christians believe that through God sending Jesus to Earth, the sins of humanity are forgiven. Jesus, who was perfect and without sin, offered redemption for humans through sacrificing his life

This created reconciliation between God and humanity showing his loving nature
Shows how he is able to forgive humans
“For God so loved the world that he gave his one and Only son, that whoever believes in him shall not perish but have eternal life”

“Jesus is the stone you builders rejected… Salvation is found in no one else”

Salvation is achieved by:

Doing good works

“faith by itself, if it is not accompanied by action, is dead”

Through grace

Salvation is given freely by God through faith in Jesus. It is not deserved or earned but a gift from God

“For it is by grace you have been saved”

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16
Q

What are the 10 commandments (name 5)

A

Do not murder
Do not lie
Do not steal
Do not commit adultery
Do not make statues to worship

17
Q

Christian beliefs about evil and suffering

A

Adam and Eve used their free will in thr Garden of Eden to disobey God which allowed evil and suffering to enter the world

Christians believe God sent Jesus to Earth to overcome the evil in the world and die for the sins of humanity on the cross

18
Q

Believe in God and accept evil and suffering (12 marks)

A

Letting people suffer is seen as cruel. When humans do this to each other, they are criticised for it. It is hard to justify God’s existence when nothing is done to help those who suffer, especially those who are innocent such as children

The presence of evil and suffering in the world challenges both the existence and nature of God. If God is all-loving, he wouldnt want his creation to suffer. If God is all-powerful, he should have the power to stop evil. If he existed, it is difficult to understand why he does not prevent it.

Christians argue that God gave humans free will and, therefore, in order of people to be free, God cannot interfere in the world and stop suffering. This explains the presence of evil.

Christians may view suffering as a test and opportunity to respond with compassion in the world. They use the example of Job, who had his faith tested, and they look to charity and prayer to help them cope with evil and suffering

“In all this, Job did not sin by charging God with wrongdoing”

19
Q

Christian beliefs about creation of the world (5 marks)

A

Some Christians, called literalists, believe God created the world exactly as described in the Bible in six days. They believe God is omnipotent and reject scientific explanations. The Bible says, “In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.” which shows that God is omnipotent

Other Christians, called non-literalists, believe the creation story is symbolic, not literal, and that the 6 days are symbols and not periods of time. They think the Bible explains why the world was created, while science explains how it happened.

20
Q

What is Incarnation

A

Incarnation - act of being made flesh

Incarnation is the Christian belief that God became a human being in the form of Jesus

“And after fasting forty days and forty nights, he was hungry” shows hunger

‘And he looked around at them with anger” shows anger

21
Q

Why is the Incarnation important?

A

Christians can learn and see what God is like through the words and actions of Jesus. This brings God closer to human understanding.

Through the Incarnation, God started the process of salvation from sin so that humans could have a full relationship with him and go to heaven after death

22
Q

what is Purgatory

A

somewhere between heaven and hell where you wait for your cleansing before Heaven (catholic)

23
Q

What is Atonement?

A

Atonement - mending of relationship between God and humanity, which was broken when Adam and Eve disobeyed God in the Garden of Eden

“For God so loved the world, that he gave his only Son”

Jesus’s death as a divine sacrifice represents God’s love for humanity

Jesus’s death was a sacrifice - an offering to God to mend the broken relationship

Jesus’s death is the victory of good over evil, as Jesus was used as ransom to stop the devil from having and hold over humanity

24
Q

Why are atonement and salvation important

A

Restore the relationship between God and humanity

confirm belief in an all-powerful and loving God

allow humans to understand the importance of being reconciled with other humans

25
'Salvation is God's greatest gift to humans' 12 marks
**Against:** 1. *"Some argue salvation contradicts God’s omnibenevolence, as it requires Jesus’ death "For i desire mercy, not sacrifice" . If God is all-loving, He could forgive freely without sacrifice."* 2. *"Salvation excludes non-Christians, suggesting God’s love is conditional—this undermines its status as ‘greatest’ for all humanity."* **For:** 1. *"Salvation offers eternal life "For God so loved the world that he gave his one and only Son, that whoever believes in him shall not perish but have eternal life" (John 3:16), the ultimate gift, as it resolves humanity’s separation from God caused by sin."* 2. *"Jesus’ voluntary sacrifice demonstrates God’s love "But God demonstrates his own love for us in this: While we were still sinners, Christ died for us" (Romans 5:8), making salvation a profound act of grace, not just justice."* **Conclusion:** *"Though salvation’s exclusivity and sacrificial nature are debated, its promise of reconciliation with God secures its place as Christianity’s supreme gift."*
26
‘The belief in the Trinity helps Christians to understand the nature of God.’
Some Christians agree because the Trinity reveals different aspects of God. For example, God the Father shows that God is the creator—Genesis says, “In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth.” This helps Christians understand God’s power and authority. God the Son reflects God’s love and willingness to become human. In John 3:16 it says, “For God so loved the world that he gave his one and only Son…” This shows Christians that God cares deeply for humanity and is willing to suffer for them. God the Holy Spirit helps Christians feel God’s presence today, guiding and comforting them. This shows God is still active in the world, not distant or detached. "The Holy spirit, whom the father will send in my name, will teach you all things" However, others may argue that the Trinity makes understanding God harder. The idea of “three in one” is confusing and has no direct comparison in the world, making it difficult to relate to. Some may also say it complicates the idea of God’s unity. Another counterpoint is that if God is truly omnipotent, He shouldn’t need to appear in three forms. This may lead some to question the necessity of the Trinity in understanding God. In conclusion, the Trinity can help Christians understand God’s love, power, and presence. However, it is not the only way, and some may find it confusing or prefer simpler ways to understand God’s nature.
27
How do aspects of Trinity show the nature of God + just
Father - Omnipotent - God is all powerful and there is nothing that God cannot do or achieve "In the beginning God created the heavens and the Earth" God created the world Son - Benevolent - This means that God loves humans and wants the best for them - "God so loved the world that he gave his one and only Son" Christians believe God's greatest act of love was sending God's son to earth and letting him suffer on behalf of humans Holy Spirit - Guides us and omniscient- God is always working within and sustaining the world- "The Holy Spirit... will teach you all things and will remind you of everything I have said to you" God is just as Christianity teaches that God will judge humans after death ina fair and unbiased way "for he is a God of justice"
28
How is Jesus divine and human?
Jesus was resurrected after death "He is not here, he has risen" People worshipped and prayed to Jesus "And when they had come into the house, they saw the young Child with Mary his mother, and fell down and worshipped Him" He was hungry "And after he had fasted for 40 days and 40 nights, he was hungry" He died "Christ died for our sins"
29
Story of Creation 2 points
On the seventh day God rested God created everything in heaven and earth in six days
30
God created humans in his image
The bible teaches Christians that God created humans in his image which means they have certain characteristics that they share with God, such as being loving. For Christians, this shows how important all humans are to God and explains their special relationship with him. It is also a reminder to them that humans should try to behave like God, showing love and being forgiving "So God created mankind in his own image"
31
Difference in second coming
Some Christians believe in the Second Coming, which is when Jesus will return to earth as a physical body and everyone who has died will be resurrected. Many Christians believe that Christ will physically and visibly return to earth, but some Christians believe that there may be an event which symbolises Jesus' return, for instance a bolt of light.
32
Difference in personal judgement
Some Christians believe that souls are judged as soon as the body dies. Souls are then sent straight to Heaven or Hell, rather than waiting for a Day of Judgement. These Christians believe it is still possible that they will be judged again at the Last Judgement. Others believe that all souls must wait until the Day of Judgement and will all be judged together.
33
Stewardship and Dominion
Dominion - the idea that God put human beings in charge of the world to bring it under their control and be responsible for its maintenance Stewardship - taking responsibility for looking after and caring for something on behalf of another person Christians believe that God apponted human beings to be in charge of what he created and to be responsible and care for the world. "And let them have dominion...over all the Earth" Many Christians understand this as evidence that humans have dominion over God's creation. This could suggest that humans have the power to use the world and its resources as they like, but shouldn't exploit it This teaching suggests that humanity's purpose is to look after what God has created (stewardship) The Lord God took the man and put him in the Garden of Eden to work it and take care of it. (Genesis 2:15)
34
Explain the role of the Trinity in creation
God the Father created the heavens and the earth it is the creator "In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth" demonstrated his power and authority God the son was the word through whom creation happened "Through him (the word) all things were made" Jesus was actively involved in creation linking God's love to his creative work The Holy spirit gave life to creation "The spirit of God was hovering over the waters" Sustains and renews life showing God's ongoing presence in creation
35
Explain christian beliefs about sin
Christians believe sin is any action that breaks God's laws (Romans 3:23: *"All have sinned and fall short of God's glory"*). This includes both original sin from Adam and Eve and personal sins people commit daily. **Point 2:** They teach that sin separates humans from God (Isaiah 59:2), but forgiveness comes through repentance and faith in Jesus (1 John 1:9: *"If we confess our sins, he will forgive us"*). Christians believe sin is any thought or action that breaks God's laws including poth personal sin which is Daily wrongdoings and original sin which was inherited from Adam and Eve disobeying God Christians believe sins can be forgiven through Jesus's sacrifice. The Bible teaches 'Christ died for our sins' which shows how salvation is possible for those who repent and have faith in Jesus