Chronic Kidney Disease Flashcards
(30 cards)
how long must kidney damage or decreased kidney function be present for before it is diagnosed CKD
3 months
what is normal GFR
90-120ml/min
when will creatinine be raised
when 60% of total kidney function is lost
what category of people have a normally raised serum creatinine
african americans, because of higher muscle mass
where does creatinine come from
muscle breakdown
what can you estimate from serum creatinine
GFR - there is a relationship
what additional information is necessary to calculate eGFR from serum creatinine
age, weight, gender, race
CKD stages
by GFR levels 1 = >90 2 = 60-89 3a = 45-59 3b = 30-44 4 = 15-29 5 = <15
a GFR of 42 is what stage CKD
3b
what is the range of CKD stage 2
60-89
what stage of CKD is a GFR of 19
stage 4
test to check blood and protein in urine
dipstick test
3 approaches to assessing kidney function
what they manage to excrete
what they manage to keep in
the anatomy of the kidneys
definition of CKD
proteinuria, haematuria, abnormal x-ray findings or GFR<60 for >30 months
cost of dialysis per year per patient
£35,000
prevalence of CKD
8-12% with up to 50% in >70
most common causes of CKD
diabetes and hypertension
5 key causes of CKD
diabetes, hypertension, glomerulonephritis, renovascular disease, polycystic kidney disease
what surgery might you want to do in someone with a declining GFR
arteriovenous fistula - in preparation for dialysis
4 approaches of CKD management
- treat underlying cause
- slow the rate of renal decline
- prevent complications
- prepare for RRT
CKD blood investigations
urea, creatinine, electrolytes bicarbonate proteub LFT Ig FBC just basically assessing funciton and looking for cause
CKD urine investigations
urinalysis dipstick
protein:creatinine ratio
24 hour urine collection
CKD imaging
X-ray
ultrasound (good for showing calyxes)
other CKD investigations
biopsy
