Prostate and Testicular Cancer Flashcards
(35 cards)
which cancer type has peak incidence in 3rd decade
testicular cancer
most common type of testicular cancer
germ cell (95%)
which of the following is not a risk factor for testicular cancer
a. caucasian
b. undescended testicle
c. african origin
c. african origin
this is a risk factor for prostate cancer when they living in western countries
common presentation of testicular cancer
painless lump
treatment of testicular cancer
radical orchidectomy (with fascia and nodes)
adjuvant radio/prophylactic chemo
radio/chemo for nodes
chemo for metastases
three modes of testicular cancer spread
local, regional and distant
3 sites of testicular cancer spread
lung, liver and bone
stages of testicular cancer
1: confined to testes
2: nodes below diapragm
3: nodes past diaphragm
4: metastases
what lymph nodes to the testes drain into
para-aortic
testes/prostate drain into internal iliac nodes
prostate
5 year survival of stage 4 testicular
73%
common diagnosis pathway of prostate cancer
opportunistic PSA testing
HPC is a mutation of prostate/testicular cancer
prostate
AFP is a mutation of prostate/testicular cancer
testicular
when is prostate cancer peak incidence
65-70 y/o
risk factors of prostate cancer
first degree relative
HPC mutation
BRCA mutation
symptoms of localised non-invasive prostate cancer
storage and voiding LUTS (hesitance, residual volume, frequency, urgency, incontinence)
weight loss
lethargy
symptoms of invasive primary prostate tumour
haematuria pain impotence loin pain haemospermia
symptoms of metastases
bone pain
lymphadenopathy
lymphaoedema
common metastatic site of prostate cancer
bone
what lymph nodes does the prostate drain into
internal iliac
triad required for a diagnosis of prostate cancer
- PSA raised >10/20
- DRExamination
- TRUS-guide biopsy
what does TRUS stand for
TransRectal UltraSound
significance of ISUP and gleason sum score
ISUP replaced gleason
ISUP is 1-5
