chronic ventilatory failure Flashcards

1
Q

what is type l ventilatory failure?

A

Hypoxic and low pCO2

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2
Q

What is type ll ventilatory failure?

A

Elevated PCO2 (6.0 kPA)

Normal blood pH

low pO2 <8 kPA

elevated bicarbonate (HCO3)

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3
Q

What are the causes of chronic ventilatory failure?

A

Airways disease
- COPD
- bronchiectasis

Chest abnormalities
- kyphoscoliosis

central hypoventilation
- obesity hypoventilation syndrome
- congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (odines curse)

respiratory muscle weakness
- motor neuron disease
- muscular dystrophy
- glycogen storage disease (pompe)

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4
Q

What are the symptoms of chronic ventilatory failure?

A

ankle swelling (oedema)
- due to hypoxic cor pulmonale

breathlessness

disturbed sleep

morning headache

orthopnoea( breathless lying down)

paradoxical abdominal wall motion
- neuromuscular disease
- weak diaphragm sucked into chest during inspiration

recurrent chest infections

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5
Q

What investigations is used for neuromuscular disease?

A

lung function
- mouth pressure/ SNP (sniff nasal pressure)

hypoventilation assessment
- early morning ABG (arterial blood gas)
- overnight oximetry
- transcutaneous CO2 monitoring

fluoroscopic diaphragm screening

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6
Q

What treatment is used for chronic ventilatory failure ?

A
  • non invasive ventilation
  • oxygen therapy
  • tracheostomy ventilation
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