chronic ventilatory failure Flashcards
what is type l ventilatory failure?
Hypoxic and low pCO2
What is type ll ventilatory failure?
Elevated PCO2 (6.0 kPA)
Normal blood pH
low pO2 <8 kPA
elevated bicarbonate (HCO3)
What are the causes of chronic ventilatory failure?
Airways disease
- COPD
- bronchiectasis
Chest abnormalities
- kyphoscoliosis
central hypoventilation
- obesity hypoventilation syndrome
- congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (odines curse)
respiratory muscle weakness
- motor neuron disease
- muscular dystrophy
- glycogen storage disease (pompe)
What are the symptoms of chronic ventilatory failure?
ankle swelling (oedema)
- due to hypoxic cor pulmonale
breathlessness
disturbed sleep
morning headache
orthopnoea( breathless lying down)
paradoxical abdominal wall motion
- neuromuscular disease
- weak diaphragm sucked into chest during inspiration
recurrent chest infections
What investigations is used for neuromuscular disease?
lung function
- mouth pressure/ SNP (sniff nasal pressure)
hypoventilation assessment
- early morning ABG (arterial blood gas)
- overnight oximetry
- transcutaneous CO2 monitoring
fluoroscopic diaphragm screening
What treatment is used for chronic ventilatory failure ?
- non invasive ventilation
- oxygen therapy
- tracheostomy ventilation