Chunk Three

Question 1

stress thermometer

Answer 1

visual feedback scale used for assisting children identify and quantify emotions moods or perception of their behaviors

Question 2

explicit instruction

Answer 2

most direct level of graded cueing that includes instruction in the next step required for a given activity

Question 3

verbal instruction

Answer 3

a method in which a therapist gives brief directions to encourage a movement, guide a behavior, o rteach a skill

Question 4

graded cue

Answer 4

varying levels of guidance to support activity performance and participation with modification adn adjustments to allow for progression towards independence, cues can be

visual
verbal
tactile

Question 5

general cue

Answer 5

visual or verbal guidance to prompt self-monitoring and modification to performance

ie after bathing dry your feet before getting out of the tub

Question 6

specific cue

Answer 6

level of graded cueing that includes visual, verbal or tactile prompt as a reminder to change behavior or action, used when general cue is ineffective

ie now that you are done bathing what do you do next

Question 7

tactile cue

Answer 7

graded somatosensory prompt to facilitate a performance outcome through use of touch

Question 8

redirection

Answer 8

a vebal cue or psychical action used to inform a client that it is time to attend a different task or activity

Question 9

demonstration

Answer 9

a method used when teaching a client or caregiver in which the therapist performs a movement, behavior, or skill to support the learning process

Question 10

return demonstration

Answer 10

a technique used to determine the extent to which a client has learned a particular skill that involves having the client perform the skill after observing task performance by the therapist

Question 11

blocked practice

Answer 11

a method of learning that involves practicing the same skill or task over and over

Question 12

random practice

Answer 12

a method of learning that involves learning skills associated with a task in a varied order

Question 13

whole learning

Answer 13

a technique for teaching skills in which the client learns the entire sequence of steps within the task

Question 14

progressive part learning

Answer 14

a technique skills in which the therapist breaks down a task into several steps and teaches each step individually to the client

Question 15

gesture training

Answer 15

compensatory intervention for neurobehavioral deficits that includes providing graded levels of task demands in two phases:

transitive gesture training - client demonstrates use of common objects

intransitive gesture training - client performs pantomime gestures based on cues

Question 16

two types of gesture training

Answer 16

transitive gesture training

intransitive gesture training

Question 17

transitive gesture training

Answer 17

client demonstrates use of common objects

Question 18

instransitive gesture training

Answer 18

client peferforms pantomime gestures based on cues

Question 19

chaining

Answer 19

intervention technique that includes completion of one step of the task at a time and sequentially adding additional steps once performance is achieved includes:

forward chaining
backward chaining

Question 20

handling

Answer 20

therapeutic technique that involves providing physical support and cueing ot manually guide the torso or limbs into functional movement patterns

support is graded based on the amount of assistance the client needs

Question 21

errorless learning

Answer 21

cognitive intervention method in which the task or activity is set up so that the client does not make an error, may be useful:

for clients with severe memory impairment
during skill training

Question 22

spaced retrieval

Answer 22

cognitive intervention method in which the client is asked to recall information at expanding intervals

client will be asked to immediately recall names of people then recall 5 minutes later then 10 minutes later

Question 23

cognitive compensatory strategy

Answer 23

internal or external method to maximize cognitive performance where strategy training may be a 3 phase process:

acquisition
application
adaptation

Question 24

internal memory strategy

Answer 24

group of techniques to aid in mentally organizing cognitive information for retrieval at a later time

therapeutically used in conjunction with external strategies, examples include:

• visual imagery
• grouping similar information mnemonically

Question 25

external memory strategy

Answer 25

therapeutic method used in neurorehabilitation to support ability to retrieve cognitive information at a later time, examples include checklists day planner posted signs

Question 26

metacognitie strategy

Answer 26

self-management method that includes the ability to identify cognitie challenges during day to day activities and to create strategies that can be duplicated over time

Question 27

scanning training

Answer 27

intervention for visual field deficits to structure a visual search and increase awareness of blidn spots, may include: progression of clinic activites to contextual task performance visual anchoring change in head and body position

Question 28

memory aid: calendar

Answer 28

external memory strategy involving a time-limited planner used to promote effective schedule management, typically placed in a commonly viewed location

Question 29

memory aid: wall chart

Answer 29

external memory strategy that includes posting written instructions steps or illustrations of routine tasks, or daily activities typically placed in close proximity to where performance is expected

Question 30

electronic memory aid

Answer 30

technology solutions ie: smartphone / mobile apps to aid in the retrieval of information during daily activities considerations for selection include matching current abilities to device simplicity of use

Question 31

protective factors

Answer 31

factors in the social environment that support health, wellness, and preparedness for adverse or stressful events, including access to supportive relationship and nurturing awareness of resources insight and capacity to use coping strategies

Question 32

medication compliance program

Answer 32

strategy used to support a client's participation in their prescription medication regimen, includes the use of assistive aids such as: ``` pill storage boxes ie: 7 day dosage box electronic reminders ie: pre-programmed alarm diary ie: calendar pill splitter or crusher insulin holders ```

Question 33

mobile arm support

Answer 33

low tech adaptive device typically attached to a wheelchair frame or floor stand that supports the weight of the arm and has swivel components, used to provide assistance to weak muscles of the arm during a functional activity

Question 34

built-up handles

Answer 34

adapative devices for persons with weak grip or decreased active ROM of the digits designed to enlarge the handles of commonly used small-handled ADL devices such as pens, toothbrushes eating utensils

Question 35

bath mitt

Answer 35

adaptive device made of sponge or terry cloth material to hold a bar of soap and worn on the and during bathing, designed for persons with weak or no grip, intention tremors, in coordination

Question 36

long-handled sponge

Answer 36

adapative bathing device comprised of a 23-29 inche (58 -74 cm) long plastic handle with a sponge or brush attached to the end, enables an individual with decreased reach to wash the back and lower extremities, options include a variety of handle types and sponge features

Question 37

suction denture brush

Answer 37

adapative grooming device consisting of a small brush with bristles on both sides secured to a base with suction feet to hold the brush upright, beneficial for persons with weak grip or decreased active ROM of the digits, tremors or hemiplegia

Question 38

dressing stick

Answer 38

AE comprised of a 19-26 inch long dowel with a reinforced hook on the end, designed to aid in putting on or taking off clothing, for individuals with limited reach or decreased mobility of the lower extremities

Question 39

sock aid

Answer 39

AE used to help individual put on hosiery without having to bend forward beneficial for individuals who must follow post-surgical hip precautions those who have osteoarthritis of the hips or poor dynamic sitting balance

Question 40

long-handled reacher

Answer 40

AE allows a person to pick up items from the floor or from overhead areas, designed for individuals with limited truck, hip, or knee mobility, decreased balance, or decreased shoulder mobility, options include a variety of handle types and grabbing features

Question 41

leg lifter

Answer 41

AE used to move the LE into bed or raise the leg when in bed, constructed of sturdy fabric with loops on both ends: smaller loop is used as a handle and the larger loop is placed around the foot for lifting

Question 42

overhead trapeze

Answer 42

type of durable medical equipment with an overhead hoist attached to a bedframe or portable stand, used to facilitate bed mobility or transition from supine to sitting by pulling up on a handle affixed to the base

Question 43

bed rope ladder

Answer 43

AE to assist with sitting up from a supine position, secured at the foot of the bed and positioned within reach of the client

Question 44

bed safety rail

Answer 44

safety device secured to the bed with a variety of optional features and lengths, typically used to prevent a client form falling out of bed provide a support for transferring in and out of bed assist the client to change position when in bed

Question 45

electric lift chair

Answer 45

AE used to assist a client with impaired mobility to transfer form sit to stand

Question 46

doorknob extender

Answer 46

an AE that attaches to a door knob and has an extension handle used to assist a client who has decreased coordination or strength to open a door

Question 47

pivot disc

Answer 47

a round flat disc placed on the floor used to assist a client who is able to bear weight during a transfer but has difficulty moving legs

Question 48

sleep hygiene

Answer 48

establishing physical adn environment conditions for effective rest and sleep interventions may focus on: activities performed prior to sleep sleep schedules and routines ambient conditions of the bedroom

Question 49

stress management

Answer 49

strategies to promote relaxation and reduce symptoms of stress and anxiety, techniques include deep breathing muscular relaxation visualization

Question 50

coping strategies

Answer 50

method of dealing with a challenging psychological situation strategies may be adapative maladaptive

Question 51

timed voiding

Answer 51

an intervention technique for bladder management in which toileting is scheduled at fixed time intervals

Question 52

bladder training

Answer 52

an intervention technique frequently used for urge incontinence in which voiding is completed at a fixed schedule

Question 53

pelvic floor exercise

Answer 53

an intervention technique for stress incontinence in which muscles surrounding the pelvic cavity are strengthened by completing a daily exercise regimen

Question 54

mealtime environment

Answer 54

contextual setting specifically designated for eating based on temporal physical cultural and social factors important consideration when planning feeding interventions with clients

Question 55

swivel utensil

Answer 55

adaptive spoon or fork with a moving component designed to minimize food spillage, may be beneficial for persons with decreased forearm supination or intention tremors

Question 56

rocker knife

Answer 56

AE utensil designed to enable one-handed cutting, may be beneficial for persons with hemiplegia, peripheral nerve injury or other condition resulting in a non functional grasp of one hand

Question 57

universal cuff

Answer 57

AE for persons with limited or no grip designed to be secured with an elastic strap around the hand and contains a fixed pocket in which the handle of an eating utensil, toothbrush or other ADL device can be inserted for use

Question 58

phase of swallowing : pre-oral phase

Answer 58

phase of swallowing that involves: smell and visual appreciation of of food stimulation of saliva mouth and upper extremity motor movements to initiate the process of eating

Question 59

oral preparatory phase

Answer 59

``` phase of swallowing that invovles: voluntary intake of food into mouth bolus formation with saliva chewing with molars and activation of buccal muscles to prevent pocketing bolus movement to the center of tongue ```

Question 60

oral phase

Answer 60

phase of swallowing that involves use of cheek and tongue muscles to retain bolus centrally posterior migration of bolus

Question 61

pharyngeal phase

Answer 61

phase of swallowing that involves soft palate elevation larynx and hyoid elevation and protraction cessation of airflow to prevent aspiration vocal cord closure when whole bolus is moved through the pharyns

Question 62

esophageal phase

Answer 62

phase of swallowing that is highly influenced by client's position, and involves return of upper esophageal sphincter to inc state passage of food through the esophagus to the stomach

Question 63

feeding trial

Answer 63

completed by a dysphagia specialist to determine clinically appropriate food purees to solid/regular diet and liquid water/thin to honey thick requires careful monitoring for effectiveness of swallow and sign of aspiration thorough: auscultation palpation

Question 64

auscultation

Answer 64

listening to internal sounds of the body typically with the use of a stethoscope

Question 65

dysphagia diet

Answer 65

guidelines published by teh ADA to establish standard terminiology for dietary textures modification of food for dysphagia managements

Question 66

levels of dysphagia:

Answer 66

1 - pureed foods 2 - mechanical altered 3 - dysphagia advanced

Question 67

diet recommendations

Answer 67

information in plan of care following dysphagia assessment that includes a prescribed diet of specific food and liquid textures and consistency, taking into consideration: diagnosis oral motor function aspiration risk cognitive function

Question 68

dysphagia diet liquid progression: thing

Answer 68

liquid consistency that requires an intact swallow includes; ice chips broth coffee gelatin