Circulatory Pathways Flashcards
(36 cards)
What is the function of the systemic circulation?
To deliver oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to body tissues and return deoxygenated blood to the right atrium.
What is the aorta?
The largest artery that carries oxygen-rich blood from the left ventricle to the body.
What are the common iliac arteries?
Arteries that supply blood to the lower trunk and limbs, branching from the terminal end of the aorta.
What is the coronary circulation?
The heart’s own blood supply system, originating from the first branches of the aorta.
What happens if the coronary circulation is blocked?
The heart’s ability to pump blood effectively is compromised, potentially causing a heart attack.
What is the function of pulmonary circulation?
To carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs for gas exchange and return oxygenated blood to the heart.
What is the pulmonary circuit?
The loop from the right side of the heart to the lungs and back to the left atrium.
What is the pulmonary trunk?
The vessel that carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle and splits into the pulmonary arteries.
What are the pulmonary arteries?
The only arteries that carry deoxygenated blood, leading to the lungs.
What are the pulmonary veins?
The only veins that carry oxygenated blood, returning it to the left atrium.
What is the hepatic portal system?
A circulatory system that delivers blood from the digestive organs to the liver for processing.
What is the hepatic portal vein?
A vein that brings nutrient-rich blood from the digestive organs to the liver.
What is the hepatic artery proper?
A branch of the common hepatic artery that supplies systemic oxygenated blood to the liver.
What are the hepatic veins?
Veins that drain blood from the liver into the inferior vena cava.
What are three key functions of the liver?
Removes toxins, metabolizes nutrients, and removes bacteria from the blood.
Why is fetal circulation different?
Because the lungs, kidneys, and GI organs are non-functional; oxygen and nutrients come from the placenta.
What is the placenta?
A temporary organ that facilitates exchange of gases and nutrients between mother and fetus.
What is the umbilical vein?
A vein that carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus.
What are the umbilical arteries?
Two vessels that carry deoxygenated fetal blood and waste to the placenta.
What is the ductus venosus?
A shunt that bypasses the fetal liver, allowing blood to go directly to the inferior vena cava.
What is the foramen ovale?
A fetal shunt allowing blood to flow from the right atrium to the left atrium, bypassing the lungs.
What is the ductus arteriosus?
A vessel connecting the pulmonary trunk to the aorta to bypass the fetal lungs.
What does the foramen ovale become after birth?
The fossa ovalis.
What does the ductus arteriosus become after birth?
The ligamentum arteriosum.
