circulatory review deck Flashcards
(41 cards)
what stains aquamarine in trichrome stain?
connective tissue
which part of the heart has a thicker endocardium?
atria
what are the 3 layers of the endocardium?
- endothelium + sub endothelium
- middle muscular layer
- deep subendocardial layer
what is found in the subendocardial layer of the heart?
conducting system (purkinje fibers)
what is the origin of purkinje fibers?
muscular
describe continuous capillaries, where are they found?
connected with occluding junction, in nervous tissue, muscle and lung
describe fenestrated capillaries, where are they found?
basal lamina is continuous but there are gaps between cells, in kidney, GI, GU
describe discontinuous/sinusoidal capillaries, where are they found?
gaps between cells, incomplete basement membrane, found in liver, spleen, bone marrow and LN medulla
between arteries and veins, which typically has thicker tunica adventitia?
veins
what is unique about the tunica adventitia in vena cava?
has longitudinal smooth mm layer that contracts to help blood return to heart
what would an anatomist call epicardium?
visceral pericardium
describe the structure of a semilunar valve
endothelium on the outside with dense CT core
describe the fxn of elastic fibers in elastic arteries in terms of systole and diastole
during systole- heart contracts and expands the walls of the elastic arteries, PE is stores, during diastole- heart relaxes, the PE stored in elastic fibers is converted to kinetic energy to ensure maintenance of pressure in the vessel
how many smooth mm layers in arterioles? small arteries?
arterioles- 1-3 layers
small arteries- up to 8 layers
what is the composition of capillaries?
almost entirely tunica intima with endothelium and basal lamina
describe the actions of AV shunts
capable of diverting blood away from capillaries, straight from arteriole to venule
arteriole constricts- blood to capillary bed
arteriole relaxes- blood to venule
used in thermoregulation and to cause erection
how do AV shunts thermoregulate? erections?
thermoregulation- arterioles constrict- blood goes to cap bed- heat lost
erection- arterioles constrict- blood goes to cap beds- erection
from where are venous valves derived?
tunica intima
describe the progression from larger to smaller arteriole
progressive loss of IEL
decreased in smooth mm layers
decreased TA that will blend into surroundings
what are pericytes?
contractile cells surrounding capillaries, also called rouget cells
why do lymphatic capillaries have wider lumens?
lack pericytes, lack basement membrane
where are purkinje fibers found?
subendocardial layer of the endocardium
describe the mesothelium of the epicardium
then layer of squamous cells, lines outer surface, covers serous membrane, secretes lubricating fluid
what are most of the named arteries in the body?
muscular arteries
