Circulatory System

Question 1

circulatory system includes the body systems of: 2

Answer 1

cardiovascular system

lymphatic system

Question 2

primary function of the circulatory system

Answer 2

to provide a means of transportation for nutrients, water, oxygen, hormones, and body salts (to) and wastes (from) the cells of the body.

Question 3

Other function of the system

Answer 3

Dispatches defensive cells through the lymphatic system

Question 4

Tasks of cardiovascular system require …. and why?

Answer 4

anatomic structures and mechanisms

To direct these “highways” to every cell of the body without stopping.

Question 5

2 types of circulation

Answer 5

Pulmonary

Systematic

Question 6

Pulmonary circulation

Answer 6

Begins at the right side of the heart
Sends blood to the lungs to absorb oxygen
The blood returns to the left side of heart

Question 7

Systematic circulation

Answer 7

Carries blood from the heart to the cells of the body where nutrients and waste exchange takes place

Question 8

renal circulation

Answer 8

When blood passes through the kidneys in systemic circulation

Question 9

What happens in renal circulation

Answer 9

kidneys filter much of the waste from the blood to be excreted in the urine

Question 10

portal circulation.

Answer 10

Blood passing through the small intestine during systemic circulation.

Question 11

What happens in portal circulation.

Answer 11

blood from the small intestine collects in the portal vein, which passes through the liver

Question 12

What does the liver do to the blood

Answer 12

serves to filter sugars from the blood and store them for use as needed.

Question 13

systemic circulation, the blood traveling away from the heart first passes through

Answer 13

Aorta

Question 14

the largest artery in the body

Answer 14

aorta

Question 15

Branches after aorta

Answer 15

aorta
conducting arteries
smaller arterioles
capillaries

Question 16

site of exchange between the cells’ fluids and the plasma of the circulatory system.

Answer 16

capillaries

Question 17

Once the blood begins its journey back to the heart, it goes through (in order)

Answer 17

venules
Veins
Superior or inferior vena cava

Question 18

inferior vena cava is classified as

Answer 18

lower vein

Question 19

The great vessels include

Answer 19

pulmonary arteries and veins
superior and inferior vena cava
aorta

Question 20

the vessels of the cardiovascular system share a lining of

Answer 20

endothelial cells

Question 21

Ox/i, ox/o, oxy

Answer 21

Oxygen

Question 22

Capn/o

Answer 22

Carbon dioxide

Question 23

Coron/o, cordi/o

Answer 23

Heart

Question 24

Phleb/o, ven/o

Answer 24

Vein

Question 25

Pulmon/o Pneum/o Pneumat/o

Answer 25

Lung

Question 26

Aort/o

Answer 26

Aorta

Question 27

Venul/o

Answer 27

Venule

Question 28

Arteriol/o

Answer 28

Arteriole

Question 29

Arteri/o

Answer 29

Artery

Question 30

Angi/o, vas/o, vascul/o

Answer 30

Vessels

Question 31

human heart is about the size of

Answer 31

fist

Question 32

Location of heart

Answer 32

in the mediastinum of the thoracic cavity, slightly left of the midline.

Question 33

Pointed tip of mediastinum

Answer 33

Apex

Question 34

Location of apex

Answer 34

rests just above the diaphragm.

Question 35

precordium

Answer 35

area of the chest wall anterior to the heart and lower thorax

Question 36

the heart has.... chambers which are?

Answer 36

2 upper atria and 2 lower ventricles

Question 37

auricular appendage

Answer 37

ear-shaped pouch that is connected to each atrium

Question 38

right auricular appendage is associated with

Answer 38

tachycardia

Question 39

tachycardia

Answer 39

rapid heartbeat

Question 40

left auricular appendage is associated with

Answer 40

blood clots from atrial fibrillation (an extremely rapid and irregular heartbeat)

Question 41

ventricles are composed of

Answer 41

trabeculae carneae.

Question 42

trabeculae carneae.

Answer 42

fleshy, beam- shaped structures

Question 43

valves are located

Answer 43

Between the atria and ventricles, and between the ventricles and vessels

Question 44

valves function

Answer 44

allow blood to flow through in one direction.

Question 45

atrioventricular septum

Answer 45

tissue wall between the top and bottom chambers

Question 46

The heart wall is constructed of three distinct layers

Answer 46

endocardium myocardium pericardium

Question 47

endocardium is composed of

Answer 47

endothelial cells and connective tissue

Question 48

endocardium acts as

Answer 48

lining for each of the chambers and valves.

Question 49

myocardium is composed of... and it’s location

Answer 49

cardiac muscle surrounding each of the chambers

Question 50

pericardium

Answer 50

the double-folded layer of connective tissue that surrounds the heart.

Question 51

pericardial cavity holds a serous fluid, what is it’s function

Answer 51

protects the heart from friction.

Question 52

visceral pericardium

Answer 52

inner layer of this double fold

Question 53

parietal pericardium

Answer 53

outer membrane, closest to the body wall,

Question 54

Another name for the visceral pericardium is the epicardium, why

Answer 54

it is the structure on top of the heart.

Question 55

transmural

Answer 55

Term used to describe a heart disorder that is through the wall of the heart.

Question 56

transmural infarct

Answer 56

tissue death (an infarct) that extends through the entire thickness of the heart wall from the endocardium to the epicardium.

Question 57

Deoxygenated blood is returned to the heart through

Answer 57

venae cavae Superior returns blood from upper body Inferior returns blood from lower body

Question 58

Blood is squeezed from the right atrium (RA) to the right ventricle (RV) through

Answer 58

tricuspid valve (TV).

Question 59

annulus

Answer 59

fibrous ring at the base of each valve

Question 60

Sept/o

Answer 60

Septum

Question 61

Trabecul/o

Answer 61

Trabecula

Question 62

Valv/o, valvul/o

Answer 62

Valve

Question 63

Epicardi/o

Answer 63

Epicardium

Question 64

Apicbo

Answer 64

Apix

Question 65

Atri/o

Answer 65

Atrium

Question 66

Auricul/o

Answer 66

Auricular

Question 67

Ventricul/o

Answer 67

Ventricle

Question 68

Transmural terminology

Answer 68

Trans: through Mur/o: wall Al: pertaining to

Question 69

Valves are considered to be competent (capable) if

Answer 69

they open and close properly, letting through or holding back an expected amount of blood.

Question 70

blood is squeezed out through the ..... into the pulmonary arteries (PA), which carry .....from.... to....

Answer 70

pulmonary semilunar valve deoxygenated blood Heart Lung

Question 71

bicuspid valve has

Answer 71

two leaflets (cusps) that are attached to two nipple-like papillary muscles by the chordae tendineae

Question 72

chordae tendineae

Answer 72

cordlike tendons.

Question 73

What opens and closes the heart valves.

Answer 73

Papillary muscles

Question 74

tricuspid valve has

Answer 74

three leaflets attached to three papillary muscles, connected again by chordae tendineae.

Question 75

The main pulmonary artery (pulmonary trunk) divides into

Answer 75

right and left arteries to supply each lung.

Question 76

conus arteriosus

Answer 76

cone-shaped extension of the right ventricle into the pulmonary trunk. I

Question 77

oxygenated blood continues its journey back from the lungs to the left side of the heart through

Answer 77

pulmonary veins (PV).

Question 78

Oxygenated blood then enters the heart through ... and has to pass...

Answer 78

left atrium mitral valve

Question 79

mitral valve

Answer 79

Biscupid valve between left atrium and left ventricle

Question 80

When the left ventricle contracts

Answer 80

the blood finally pushes out through the aortic semilunar valve into the aorta and begins yet another cycle through the body.

Question 81

Aorta parts

Answer 81

first part of the aorta, the ascending aorta, rises toward the head, then bends into the aortic arch and continues downward through the chest as the descending thoracic aorta. Once it passes the diaphragm, it is termed the abdominal aorta.