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Circulatory System Flashcards

(85 cards)

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1
Q

Parts of the circulatory system

A

heart
arteries
arterioles
capillaries
venules
veins
lymph vascular / lymphatic system
reticulo-endothelial structure

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2
Q

is the pump for the circulatory system that lies in the lower anterior chest in the middle mediastinum

A

Heart

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3
Q

partition between the 2 halves of the chest diving it into right and left hemithorax

A

Mediastinum

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4
Q

Lies medial to left nipple in the fifth intercostal space

A

Apex

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5
Q

is directed o the right and extended slightly to the right of the right sternal border

A

Base

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6
Q

the heart has ___ coverings ___ chambers and ___ openings

A

3
4
8

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7
Q

what are the 3 covering of the heart

A

endocardium
myocardium
pericardium

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8
Q

what are the 4 chambers of the heart

A

left atrium / left auricle
right atrium / right auricle
left ventricle
right ventricle

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9
Q

is a thin lining membrane of the heart

A

Endocardium

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10
Q

is the special striated muscle of the heart

A

Myocardium

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11
Q

is the outer covering of the heart

A

Pericardium

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12
Q

pericardium consist of two layers

A

visceral pericardium
parietal pericardium

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13
Q

is the inner layer close to the muscle layer

A

Visceral Pericardium

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14
Q

is the outer layer which forms a thin sac within which the heart contract

A

Parietal Pericardium

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15
Q

the heart is divided into two halves the right and left by a ___ which extend from the base of the apex

A

Main Septum

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16
Q

dividing it into an atrium or auricle and a ventricle and these are the right and left atria and right and left ventricles

A

Atrio-Ventricular Septum

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17
Q

openings between the right atrium and right ventricle and between left atrium and left ventricle are present called the

A

Atrio Ventricular Opening

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18
Q

guard these openings to prevent blood from flowing back to atria from the ventricle

A

Flap Valves

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19
Q

the valve on the right side are called

A

tricuspid valve (3 flaps)

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20
Q

the valve on the left side are called

A

Bicuspid / Mitral valve (2 flaps)

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21
Q

is that part of the main septum between the two atria

A

Interatrial Septum

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22
Q

is that part of the main septum that separates the two ventricle

A

interventricular septum

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23
Q

is the anterior part of the left ventricle that opens into the pulmonary artery

A

Conus Arteriosus or Pulmonary Conus

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24
Q

are the first two branches of the aorta and supply the heart with blood

A

Coronary Arteries

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25
what are the openings of the heart
Atrio-Ventricular openings Superior and Inferior Vena Cava openings Left Atrium Right Ventricle Left Ventricle
26
between the atrium and ventricle on each side
Atrio-Ventricular Opening
27
in the right atrium
superior and inferior vena cava openings
28
has 4 openings one for each of the pulmonary veins
left atrium
29
has an opening the pulmonary orifice
right ventricle
30
has an opening the Aortic orifice
left ventricle
31
two distinct system of blood vessels in the body
pulmonary arteries and veins systematic arteries and veins
32
carry blood from the heart to the lungs and return it to the heart
pulmonary arteries and veins
33
carry blood from the heart to all other parts of the body and return it to the heart via the aorta and vena cava
systematic arteries and veins
34
blood is distributed by the branches of the abdominal aorta to the stomach, small intestine, large intestine, pancreas, gall bladder and spleen
Portal Circulation
35
after circulating through the capillaries of these organs it is collected in veins that join together to form ____
Portal Vein
36
enters the live, it breaks up into capillaries which then reunite
Portal Vein
37
the portal vein enters the live, it breaks up into capillaries which then reunite to form ___
Hepatic Vein
38
leaves the liver and empties into the inferior vena cava
Hepatic Vein
39
this means that blood carrying the products of digestion from the bowel must pass through the liver before entering the general bloodstream
Portal Circulation
40
the blood then passes thru the veins to the superior or inferior vena cava and back to the left atrium
Systemic Circulation
41
oxygenated blood from the left atrium enter the left ventricle
Systemic Circulation
42
it us pumped into the aorta, it goes to all organs and tissues of the body
Systemic Circulation
43
it enters the capillaries of these organs it gives up its supply of oxygen and other products it takes up carbon dioxide and waste product
Systemic Circulation
44
blood which has been returned to the right atrium through vena cava passes into the right ventricle
Pulmonary Circulation
45
blood which has been returned to the right atrium through vena cava passes into the right ventricle
Pulmonary Circulation
46
with contraction of the right ventricle , blood passes into the pulmonary artery to the lungs
Pulmonary Circulation
47
it passes through the capillary vessels of the air sac it receives supply of oxygen and gives off carbon dioxide and moisture
Pulmonary Circulation
48
it is then collected by the two pulmonary veins each lung and is returned to the left atrium to be pumped out to the body tissues
Pulmonary Circulation
49
Spleen is located at ___
posterior of stomach
50
what are the functions of the circulatory system
heart arteries veins and lymphatics
51
is pump to force blood through blood vessels
Heart
52
form a distributing system and carry blood to all parts of the body
Arteries
53
are the collecting systems which return blood to the heart
veins and lymphatics
54
what are the three coats / coverings of blood vessels
internal coat / tunica intima middle coat / tunica media outer coat / tunica adventitia
55
consist of al layer of flat endothelial cells lining the vessels like a cobblestone pavement that forms the inner lining of both vein and artery
internal coat / tunica intima
56
forms the middle layer that consist of a layer or visceral or involuntary muscle fibers which encircle the vessel
middle coat / tunica media
57
forms the outer layer that consist of connective tissue
outer coat / tunica adventitia
58
is an organ that lies under the left diaphragm in the upper left abdomen
Spleen
59
its function is to filter worn-out red blood cells, it may manufacture new RBC
Spleen
60
includes the bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen and liver
Reticulo - Endothelial Structures
61
they act as filters of the blood and store lipoids and iron
Reticulo - Endothelial Structures
62
is formed by the union f the lymph vessels of the thorax, the right jugular and subclavian lymph trunk
Right Lymph Duct
63
is a large lymph trunk which begins in the upper abdomen by the union of lymph vessels
Thoracic Duct
64
they process the aortic opening in the diaphragm into the thorax
Thoracic Duct
65
are small oval bodies ranging in size
Lymph Nodes / Glands
66
they are distributed along the ourse of the lymph vessels sometimes single but usually in groups or in chains
Lymph Nodes / Glands
67
are tubes formed by the union of the lymph capillaries
Lymph Vessels
68
they unite to form the lymph vessels
pleura pericardium peritoneum and synovial membranes
69
form a close network of very thin walled vessels like the blood capillaries
Lymph Capillaries
70
is the name given to the fluid circulating in the lymphatic vessels which is colorless
Lymph
71
is the second collecting system and its function is draining off tissue fluids and products of cell activity
Lymph Vascular / Lymphatic System
72
What are the two sets of Veins
superficial vein deep vein
73
veins that lie at a deeper level and usually accompany an artery
Deep Veins
74
veins that lie close to the skin
Superficial Veins
75
they are formed by union of venules
Veins
76
form the two collecting system and bring blood back to the heart
Veins
77
they are formed by the union of capillary vessels
Venules
78
are the smallest veins and it corresponds to the arterioles
Venules
79
are very minute hair-like vessels form networks between the small arterioles and the venules
Capillaries
80
the blood constituents pass into the tissues and the return of waste products into blood vessels through these ___
Capillaries
81
each arterioles are divided into a thin walled vessels that joints together at the others end to form the smallest veins
Capillaries
82
each arterioles are divided into a thin walled vessels that joints together at the others end to form the ____
smallest veins
83
are the final branches of the arteries
Arterioles
84
carry blood away from the ventricles of the heart
Arteries
85
arteries maybe compared to a tree with two trunks
Pulmonary Artery Aorta

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