Vertebral Column

Question 1

occurs where the first sacral body may form as a separate bone, resulting in 6 lumbar vertebrae

Answer 1

Lumbarization

Question 2

the last lumbar vertebra may be partly or completely fused with the first sacral segment

Answer 2

Sacralization

Question 3

the lower part of the sacrum may fail to develop, if so, the coccyx will also be absent

Answer 3

Absence of Sacrum

Question 4

a defect maybe present between the superior and inferior articular processes of a vertebra

Answer 4

Inter-articular defect

Question 5

maybe the right or left half of a vertebra maybe absent or maybe one half may fuse with vertebrae above or below

Answer 5

Hemivertebrae or Butterfly Vertebrae

Question 6

this defect usually occurs at L5

Answer 6

Inter-articular defect

Question 7

it occurs usually between L5-S1

Answer 7

Spina Bifida

Question 8

two or more vertebrae may be united forming one bone with no joint between

Answer 8

Fusion of Vertebrae or Bamboo Spine

Question 9

the vertebral arch will incomplete with gap in midline and spinal cord may bulge or herniated out through defect resulting in swelling in the midline posteriorly

Answer 9

Meningocele

Question 10

have small somewhat oblong bodies with their spinous process may be forked or double or bifid to crafle

Answer 10

Cervical vertebrae

Question 11

has no body but has a ring of bone with hallow center, an anterior and posterior arches and 2 lateral masses

Answer 11

the 1st cervical vertebra or C1 or Atlas

Question 12

has a process shaped like a large tooth

Answer 12

the 2nd cervical vertebra or C2 or Axis or Epistropheus

Question 13

axis that projecting upward from its body that fits into the anterior arch of the atlas

Answer 13

Odontoid Process / Dens Odontoid

Question 14

has a long spinous process which extends back beyond the spinous process

Answer 14

Seventh Cervical Vertebra or Vertebra Prominens

Question 15

the body is somewhat heart-shaped

Answer 15

Thoracic vertebrae ( dorsal vertebrae )

Question 16

has two small articulating surfaces or also called what?

Answer 16

Costal facets

Question 17

they have a larger body than the cervical vertebrae

Answer 17

Thoracic Vertebrae

Question 18

Thoracic Vertebrae is also called

Answer 18

Dorsal Vertebrae

Question 19

sometimes thoracic vertebrae referred to as _____ because of their small size

Answer 19

costal demi-facets

Question 20

the vertebral foramen is ____ or ____

Answer 20

oval or round

Question 21

the spinous process is long with ____ ??

Answer 21

sharp downward hook

Question 22

have massive block-like bodies and short, thick almost sqaure

Answer 22

Lumbar Vertebrae

Question 23

the superior articular facet face ______ then the inferior ones are directed _______

Answer 23

posteromedially
anterolaterally

Question 24

the spinal cords ends in what edge

Answer 24

superior edge of L2

Question 25

the outer covering of the cord is filled with (CSF)

Answer 25

Cerebrospinal Fluid

Question 26

the cervical vertebrae form a forward cure

Answer 26

Lordotic Curve

Question 27

the thoracic vertebrae form a curve backward

Answer 27

Kyphotic Curve

Question 28

the lumbar vertebrae form a forward curve like the cervical

Answer 28

Lordosis Curve

Question 29

an exaggerated thoracic curve

Answer 29

Kyphosis or Hunchback

Question 30

an exaggerated lumbar curve

Answer 30

Lordosis or Swayback

Question 31

an appreciable lateral deviation of a normal alignment of vertrbral

Answer 31

Scoliosis

Question 32

the combined lateral (scoliosis) and posterior (kyphosis) curvature of the spine

Answer 32

Scoliokyphosis or Kyphoscoliosis

Question 33

is the solid anterior part shaped like cylinder

Answer 33

Body of vertebrae / Centrum

Question 34

are thick rounded extensions passing back

Answer 34

Pedicles or Root

Question 35

are two flattened plates bone

Answer 35

two laminae or plates

Question 36

is the opening behind the body , enclosed by the arch

Answer 36

Vertebral Foramen

Question 37

are formed by the curved upper and lower border of the pedicles

Answer 37

vertebral notches

Question 38

similar curve in vertebral notches

Answer 38

intervertebral foramen

Question 39

are two bones, one on each side, extending laterally from the junction of the pedicle and lamina

Answer 39

Transverse Processes (2)

Question 40

projects upward towards the head

Answer 40

superior articular processes (2)

Question 41

projects downward from the bases

Answer 41

inferior articular processes (2)

Question 42

extend posteriorly or back from the posterior border of the vertebral arch

Answer 42

Spinous process

Question 43

this corresponds as an imaginary line that represents the neck of the scatty dog

Answer 43

pars intraarticularis