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Nervous System Flashcards

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1
Q

a disease in which the motor cell bodies in the anterior part of the spinal cord are affected and sometimes destroyed

A

Poliomyelitis

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2
Q

an inflammation of the meninges or the covering the brain and cord

A

Meningitis

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3
Q

an inflammation of the brain

A

Encephalitis

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4
Q

a large head, often due to a block in the holes in the roof of the fourth ventricle with blockages of the CSF

A

Hydrocephalus

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5
Q

absence of brain structure

A

Anencephaly

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6
Q

what is the other term of parasympathetic

A

Cranio-Sacral Nervous System

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7
Q

supplies nerve fibers to many of the same structures as the sympathetic, particularly the Viscera.

A

parasympathetic or cranio-sacral nervous system

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8
Q

these fibers produced opposite reactions to those induced by stimulation of the sympathetic fibers

A

parasympathetic or cranio-sacral nervous system

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9
Q

have their centers in the thoracic and lumbar regions in the cord

A

sympathetic

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10
Q

a series of ganglia or groups of cell bodies that lie on each side of the vertebral column from the skull to the coccyx

A

Sympathetic Ganglia

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11
Q

are the chains of nerve fibers connecting these ganglia

A

Sympathetic Trunks

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12
Q

lie in the lateral parts of the thoracic and lumbar spinal cord

A

centers for sympathetic system

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13
Q

are axons from these centers that pass out with the spinal nerves to reach the sympathetic ganglia

A

Pre-ganglionic Fibers

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14
Q

are axons which pass from the sympathetic ganglia

A

post-ganglionic fibers

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15
Q

are the three large plexuses of nerve fibers

A
  1. ardiac above the heart
  2. celiac behind the stomach where celiac artery begins
  3. hypogastric in the lower abdomen
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16
Q

fibers pass with blood vessels tot he organs supplied

A

Plexus / Plexuses

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17
Q

controls the contraction and dilatation of hollow organs having involuntary muscles in their walls

A

Autonomic Nervous System

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18
Q

for contraction and dilatation

A

Pupils

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19
Q

digestive duct, bile duct, and gall bladder, uterus and uterine tubes, etc

A

Hollow Organs

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20
Q

is considered separate as it is independent of cerebral control

A

Autonomic Nervous System

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21
Q

it has centers (group of cell bodies) in the midbrain, medulla and in the dorsal lumbar which controls the activity of the structure

A

Autonomic Nervous System

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22
Q

Ventricles are also known

A

Cavities of the Brain

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23
Q

what are the 4 small cavities within the brain

A

right and
left lateral ventricles
third ventricle
fourth ventricle

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24
Q

are two cavities, one on each side of the cerebral hemisphere and lies under the Corpus Callosum

A

(R) and (L) Lateral Ventricle

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25
lies in the midline of the forebrain at a lower level above the Sella Turcica
Third Ventricle
26
has a narrow channel that passes down and back to connect with the fourth ventricle
Sella Turcica
27
lies in the Hindbrain with the Pond and upper Medulla in front of the Cerebellum
Fourth Ventricle
28
are the openings in the roof thin surface of the cerebellum that communicate with the subarachnoid space
Foramina of Luschka and Magendie
29
are the networks of veins int he root of each ventricles and may become calcified
Choroid Plexus
30
the thin lining membrane of the ventricle secretes CSF
Choroid Plexus
31
CSF is
Cerebrospinal Fluid
32
is a clear, colorless liquid formed from the blood in the choroid plexus and secreted i to the ventricles
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
33
olfactory sensory
nose
34
optic sensory
eye
35
oculomotor motor
all eye
36
are the covering of the brains and spinal cord
Meninges
37
what are the three layer of Meninges
pia mater arachnoid dura mater
38
is the inner covering and is closely applied tot he outer surface of the brain and cord
Pia Mater
39
is the middle layer which does not dip doen i to the small fissures and are attached tot he pia mater by webs of tissue alone
Arachnoid
40
is rhe space between the pia mater and the arachnoid membrane where the CSF circulates
Subarachnoid space
41
is the tough other membrane forming the outer covering of the brain and spinal cord
Dura Mater
42
therefore continuous with a similar space in the spinal cord
Subarachnoid
43
may circulate from this space overlying the brain down to the same space in the cord
Cerebro-spinal fluid
44
what are the fissures of the cerebral hemisphere
longitudinal fissure central fissure lateral fissure transverse fissure
45
is a deep fissure or groove that lies under the sagittal suture of the skull
Longitudinal Fissure
46
lies between the frontal and parietal lobes on both ides
Central Fissure
47
lies between the frontal and parietal lobes above and below the temporal lobe
Lateral Fissure
48
lies between the two occipital lobes a d the cerebellum below
Transverse Fissure
49
forms a small part of the brain that lies on the under surface and rest upon the sphenoid bone
Midbrain
50
which is seen on it's undersurface and are composed of nerve fibers
Cerebral Peduncles
51
are four additional prominences on the upper surface of the midbrain
quadrigeminal bodies
52
is the most caudal of the 3 primary brain vesicles
Hindbrain
53
lies below the midbrain, in front of the cerebellum and above the medulla • ½
Pons
54
is much larger and occupies the posterior cranial fossa
Cerebellum
55
lies below the pons just above the foramen magnum
Medulla Oblongata
56
there are 12 pairs of ___ having their enters in rhe midbrain, pons or medulla oblongata and are given off directly from the brain
Cranial Nerves
57
they pass out of the skull through the foramina to end in the various structures of the head and neck
Cranial Nerves
58
there are 31 pairs of ___ leaving the spinal cord
Spinal Nerves
59
passes out through an intervertebral foramen at each level on both sides
Peripheral Nerves
60
are composed of sensory fibers
Dorsal / Posterior Root
61
carries motor fibers
Anterior Root
62
is structure at the outer end of an axon or dendron
End Organ
63
is a complete circuits consisting of a sensory neuron, a connecting neuron and a motor neuron
Reflex Arc
64
a sensory neuron carries nerve impulses of pain or other sensation tot he spinal cord
Reflex Act
65
is a group of a cell bodies outside of the brain or spinal cord
Ganglion
66
is a group of nerve cell bodies inside of the brain or spinal cord
Nucleus
67
is a group of nerve cells concerned with some specific function
Center
68
a network of cell processes
Plexus
69
is the unit structure of the nervous system and consist of a cell body
neuron or nerve cell
70
which carry nerve impulses towards the cell body
Dendrite
71
which carry impulses away from the cell body
Axon
72
is a nerve cell that conducts impulses towards or inti the spinal cord to the brain
Sensory Neuron or Afferent Neuron
73
carries impulses from the brain down tot he spinal cord
Motor Neuron or Efferent Neuron
74
is the point of contacts of dendron of one neuron with axon of another neuron
Synapse
75
fibers pass across from one hemisphere to the other in the inferior part below the fissure to form ____
Corpus Callosum
76
a fold of dura mater the outer brain covering called ___
Falx Cerebri
77
it also thrown into ridges called ____ or ____ which are grooves or hollows between these ridges called ___
GYRI CONVOLUTIONS Fissure or Sulci
78
lies deep in the brain substance
Insula
79
lies under the occipital bone
occipital lobe
80
lies under the temporal bone
Temporal lobe
81
lies under the parietal bone
Parietal Lobe
82
lies deep to the frontal bone on each side
Frontal Lobe

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