circulatory system

Question 1

what side of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood

Answer 1

right

Question 2

what side of the heart pumps oxygenated blood

Answer 2

left

Question 3

what circulation is the left side

Answer 3

systematic circulation

Question 4

what circulation is the right side

Answer 4

pulmonary

Question 5

what are the 4 main chambers of the heart

Answer 5

left atrium, right atrium, left ventricle and right ventricle

Question 6

where does the blood go after leaving the left side of the heart

Answer 6

the rest of the body from the aorta

Question 7

where does the blood go after leaving the right side of the heart

Answer 7

the lungs via the pulmonary artery

Question 8

what do the valves do

Answer 8

prevent back flow of the blood, keeps it moving in one direction.

Question 9

what does the pulmonary artery do

Answer 9

pump deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs

Question 10

what does the aorta do

Answer 10

carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body

Question 11

what does the pulmonary vein do

Answer 11

carries oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart

Question 12

what are the atria (left/right atrium)

Answer 12

receives blood

the right side receives deoxygenated blood and the left receives oxygenated blood

Question 13

what does the inferior vena cava do

Answer 13

carries deoxygenated blood from the lower body to the heart

Question 14

what does the superior vena cava do

Answer 14

carries deoxygenated blood from the upper body to the heart

Question 15

what do the atrioventricular valves do (tricuspid and bicuspid)

Answer 15

ensures blood flows in the right direction, from the atria to the ventricles preventing blood flow during systole.

Question 16

what does the chordae tendinae do

Answer 16

connects the papillary muscles to the atrioventricular valves preventing valves from prolapsing into the atria during systole

Question 17

what does the papillary muscle do

Answer 17

tense the chordae tendinae to prevent back flow of blood during ventricular contraction

they are small coned shaped muscles that sit in the ventricles

Question 18

what does the apex do

Answer 18

a strong muscle that initiates the contraction of the heart. due to its strength, it ‘wrings the blood out.

Question 19

where do arteries transport blood

Answer 19

away from the heart

Question 20

where do veins transport blood

Answer 20

to the heart

Question 21

structure of arteries

Answer 21

thick layers of smooth muscle allowing them to vasoconstrict/vasodialate

Question 22

what is the divide between the two sides of the heart

Answer 22

the septum

Question 23

how does the heart get nutrients/remove waste

Answer 23

coronary artery and vein

Question 24

structure/function of arteries

Answer 24

smooth muscle/elastic to vaso dilate/constrict

mostly oxygenated blood except pulmonary artery

carry away from heart

Question 25

what are arterioles

Answer 25

small arteries

Question 26

structure of capillary

Answer 26

one cell thick carry both oxygenated and deoxygenated blood

Question 27

structure/function of veins

Answer 27

thin muscular walls with valves that open and close when muscles contract mostly deoxygenated blood except pulmonary vein carry blood to the heart

Question 28

what are venules

Answer 28

small veins

Question 29

what is double circulation

Answer 29

blood passes through the heart twice for each complete circuit of the body

Question 30

name the 3 stages of the cardiac cycle

Answer 30

1. diastole 2. atrial systole 3. ventricle systole

Question 31

what is diastole

Answer 31

blood flows into the atria and partially into the ventricles atrioventricular valves=open, semi lunar= closed

Question 32

what is atrial systole

Answer 32

blood moves completely into ventricles as atria contracts atrioventricular valves=open, semi lunar= closed

Question 33

what is ventricle systole

Answer 33

blood is forced through semi lunar valves to the body/lungs atrioventricular valves snap shut to prevent back flow and semi lunar are open

Question 34

pulmonary circulation

Answer 34

deoxygenated blood moves through the right side of the heart to the lungs where gas exchange occurs and then to the left side of the heart

Question 35

systematic circulation

Answer 35

oxygenated blood moves through the left side of the heart and then to the body where the blood becomes deoxygenated and then to the right side of the heart

Question 36

cardiac output

Answer 36

heart rate x stroke volume amount of blood passing though heart per minute

Question 37

heart rate

Answer 37

beats per minute

Question 38

stroke volume

Answer 38

amount of blood that passes through the heart per beat

Question 39

vasoconstriction and vasodilation

Answer 39

constrict= contract dilate= become wider