City Planning Firsts

Question 1

San Francisco

Answer 1

1867
1st land use zoning restrictions on the location of noxious uses.

1906
1st major American city to apply City Beautiful principles using a plan developed by Daniel Burnham.

Question 2

McMillan Plan

Answer 2

1902

Senate Park Commission

A comprehensive planning document that updates the L’Enfabt Plan for Washington, D.C.

Focuses on parks and monuments

Helped boost Burnham’s career

***Considered 1st real expression in the U.S. of the City Beautiful movement

Question 3

Early City Planning Commission

Answer 3

1902/1903

Cleveland, OH

1st local civic center plan in U.S.

Board of City Planning for Ohio Cities - Group Plan Commission for Cleveland: Daniel Burnham, John Carrere, Arnold Brunner

Question 4

1st Official City Planning Commission

Answer 4

1907

Hartford, Connecticut

Official and permanent City Planning Commission

Question 5

1st Course in City Planning

Answer 5

1909

Harvard College

“Principles of City Planning”

Question 6

Plan of Chicago

Answer 6

1909

1st comprehensive metropolitan plan

Daniel Burnham and Edward Bennett

Focuses on physical improvements: new parks, lakefront upgrades, new civics and cultural centers and transportation

Question 7

Los Angeles

Answer 7

1909
1st city to use land-use zoning to guide development

1922
Formed the 1st regional planning commission

Question 8

Forest Hills Gardens

Answer 8

1909

1st planned “Garden Suburb” in the U.S.

Mixed income housing surrounded by green spaces

Russel Sage Foundation

Frederick Law Olmsted, Jr planned the community

Grosvenke Atterbury - architect

Question 9

Harland Bartholomew

Answer 9

1st municipally employed planner

Newark, New Jersey

Question 10

Comprehensive Zoning Resolution

Answer 10

1916

NY adopted the 1st comprehensive zoning code in the U.S.

George McAneny and Edward Bassett

Resolution divided the city into “zones” based on the primary activity in that area

Created height and setback guidelines for each zone

Question 11

Country Club Plaza

Answer 11

1922

1st shopping center located outside of city center

Developer J.C. Nichols

Kansas, MO

Question 12

Elizabeth May Herlihy

Answer 12

1st woman seen as an expert in planning

1st woman to join ACPI

Guided Boston in adopting the 1st comprehensive plan - 1923

Question 13

First Comprehensive Plan

Answer 13

1925

Cincinnati

1st American city to have a comprehensive plan approved and adopted into law by city council.

“Official Plan of the City of Cincinnati”

Alfred Bettman, Ladislas Segoe, George Ford, Ernest Goodrich

Question 14

First state level land-use plan

Answer 14

1925

NYS Housing & Regional Planning Commission

Clarence Stein (chair)

Primarily written by Henry Wright

State-level land-use plan can promote effective planning for factors that have an impact outside of one community such as growth or environmental.

Question 15

First Historic District Ordinance

Answer 15

1931

Charleston, SC

Question 16

National Planning Board

Answer 16

1933

1st U.S. National Planning Board created

NPD established under Public Works Administration

Worked to promote the idea of planning in public works and push for comprehensive regional plans.

It became the National Resources Planning Board but was abolished in 1943.

Question 17

First multi-state regional planning commission

Answer 17

Included Washington, Oregon, Idaho and Montana

1934

Commission focuses on the need to plan for new agriculture and industrial development.

Question 18

1940 Census

Answer 18

1st time the U.S. showed more population growth in the suburbs than in central cities.

Question 19

Prince George’s County, Maryland

Answer 19

1949

1st Planned Unit Development

Permitted the development of a large tract of land as a complete neighborhood unit.

Question 20

Samuel Cullers

Answer 20

1st African American to earn a graduate degree in city planning - MIT

Question 21

Lexington, Kentucky

Answer 21

1st city to enact an urban growth boundary

1958

A growth management initiative that limited new development to a specific area of the city

Intended to prevent urban sprawl into agricultural and rural land

Question 22

Hawaii

Answer 22

1st state to introduce statewide zoning

1961, amended in 1978

Question 23

Standard State Zoning Enabling Act

Answer 23

1924 released in 1928

Sect’y Herbert Hoover of the US Dept of Commerce

Basic foundation for planning and zoning…0

It includes a grant of power, a provision that the legislative body could divide the local government’s territory into districts, a statement of purpose for the zoning regulations and procedures for establishing and amending the zoning regulations.

The legislative body was required to establish a zoning commission.