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Civil Rights 2 Flashcards

(49 cards)

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1
Q

US v Cruikshank

A

violators of African American civil rights can go unpunished

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2
Q

US v Reese

A

States can impose literacy tests or poll taxes to prevent African Americans from voting

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3
Q

Civil Rights Cases

A

Hotels, restaurants, and other business owners are free to discriminate

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4
Q

Plessy v. Ferguson

A

1896: segregation of races in public accommodations are legal
“separate but equal”

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5
Q

black codes

A

laws passed by Southern states that limited the freedoms of former slaves

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6
Q

13th Amendment

A

banned slavery

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7
Q

14th Amendment

A

gave equal rights and protection under the law to anyone born in the US as a citizen

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8
Q

15th Amendment

A

gave the right to vote to African Americans

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9
Q

Civil Rights Act of 1866

A

all people born in the US (except Native Americans) are citizens; all citizens entitled to equal rights regardless of race

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10
Q

Jim Crow Laws

A

laws meant to enforce separation of white and black people in public places in the South

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11
Q

NAACP

A

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

a civil rights organization

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12
Q

imposed to prevent African Americans from voting

A

literacy tests and poll taxes

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13
Q

when was Brown v. Board of Education?

A

1954

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14
Q

NAACP attorney for Brown

A

Thurgood Marshall

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15
Q

seven-year-old student in Topeka, Kansas

A

Linda Brown

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16
Q

Chief Justice of US Supreme Court during Brown v. Board of Education

A

Earl Warren

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17
Q

Brown v. Board of Education: What?

A

Brown family sued school board since Linda Brown was denied enrollment to neighborhood school

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18
Q

Decision of Brown v. Board of Education

A

“separate but equal” is not equal in schools

integration of schools, but not private businesses

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19
Q

Brown v. Board overturned which Supreme Court case?

A

Plessy v. Ferguson

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20
Q

Impact of Brown v Board

Study These Flashcards
A
  • set standard for future laws
  • a turning point in civil rights movement
  • took 10 years to implement
  • helped change Americans’ views on equality in education
21
Q

Progression of KKK intimidation tactics

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. warning: burning cross
  2. taken out and beaten (physical assault)
  3. burned house
  4. killed (lynching)
22
Q

when were the Montgomery bus boycotts

Study These Flashcards
A

1955; 13 months

23
Q

Montgomery bus boycotts

Study These Flashcards
A

CAUSE: Rosa Parks refused to give up her bus seat and got arrested
WHAT HAPPENED: African Americans refused to ride buses for over a year
RESULT: Buses became integrated through Supreme Court ruling
-the beginning of MLK’s civil rights movement

24
Q

what was formed as a result of the Montgomery bus boycotts?

Study These Flashcards
A

Southern Christian Leadership Conference

25
Little Rock 9
1957 Central High School Little Rock votes to integrate schools. Governor Faubus ordered National Guard to prevent the nine African American students from entering Eisenhower send the 101st Airborne to escort students
26
Greensboro Sit-Ins
1960 @ lunch counters Four African-American college students began a sit-in at NC Woolworth. Thousands of protestors took part in sit-ins in the following weeks across the South. Segregationists began to abuse the protests with ammonia, itching powder, acid, beaten, etc. Protestors were replaced by others -created the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
27
Freedom Rides
protests against segregation on interstate buses in the South; African-Americans in front and whites in back
28
Election of JFK
did little to help civil rights
29
Birmingham AL
African American protests to integrate public facilities and gain better jobs - police used violence (dogs and firehoses) on protestors - invited Dr. King and SCLC to join protests - broadcasted on TV - horrifying events persuaded Birmingham leaders to desegregate lunch counters, remove segregation signs and employ more African-Americans to support passage of legislation to protect civil rights
30
March on Washington
``` August 28, 1963 about 250,000 people joined MLK "I Have a Dream" speech -united civil rights groups -Kennedy promised support ```
31
CORE
Congress of Radical Equality | organization that planned Freedom Rides
32
Kennedy
assassinated in Dallas on November 22, 1963 by Lee Harvey Oswald
33
Civil Rights Act of 1964
passed by Lyndon Johnson banned segregation in public places such as hotels and theaters -created Equal Employment Opportunity Commission to prevent job discrimination officially outlawed segregation throughout the US
34
24th Amendment
outlawed poll taxes
35
Freedom Summer
SNCC organized voter registration drive for Southern blacks
36
Selma
protest march to promote African American voting registration in AL - state troopers attacked protestors - broadcasted on nation TV
37
Voting Rights Act
banned literacy tests and laws preventing people from registering to vote; sent federal officials to register voters
38
Malcolm X
- believed in using violence to promote civil rights - Muslim and member of Nation of Islam - later rejected teachings of the Nation of Islam
39
MLK
- doctor of theology - protestant pastor - non-violent protests - marches, boycotts, imprisonment
40
Similarities between MLK and Malcolm X
both wanted freedom and equal rights for all races | assassinated: Malcolm X in 1965 and MLK in 1968
41
NOW
National Organization for Women | founded by Betty Friedan in 1966 to get women good jobs at equal pay
42
Betty Friedan
women's rights leader and author of The Feminine Mystique
43
ERA
Equal Rights Amendment 1972: amendment proposed that would give equality of rights regardless of sex - not ratified by states
44
Delores Huerta
teacher in CA for immigrant children found the first farm workers' union in 1962: became the chief negotiator for contracts, guaranteeing fair wages, benefits, and humane working conditions
45
Cesar Chavez
Mexican-American farm worker and labor organizer that created the United Farm Workers Organizing Committee with Huerta -used boycotts through media on grapes
46
La Raza Unida
the "united people" | to elect Mexican Americans to public office and advocate for better jobs, pay, housing and education
47
Burea of Indian Affairs
began termination policy; sold 1.6 million acres of Native American land to developers
48
termination policy
ended federal protection of assets held by Native American tribes gave responsibility for providing services to Native Americans to states
49
Slaughterhouse Cases
weakened 14th Amendment | -civil rights ruled by states

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