CKD and renal complications C8

Question 1

MOA, Use and monitoring: calcium acetate

Answer 1

MOA: Phosphate binder. Binds dietary phosphate in gut
Use: Hyperphosphataemia in CKD
Monitoring: Phosphate, calcium
Counselling: Take with meals. Space from other meds that can decrease levels of calcium e.g. loop diuretics, bisphosphonates .

Question 2

MOA, Use and monitoring: alfacalcidol

Answer 2

MOA: Vitamin D analogue (activated form) → ↑ Ca²⁺ absorption
Use: Renal bone disease, hypocalcaemia
Monitoring: Ca²⁺, phosphate, PTH
Counselling: Watch for signs of high calcium (confusion, thirst).

Question 3

MOA, Use and monitoring: sodium bicarbonate

Answer 3

MOA: Buffers metabolic acidosis
Use: CKD with acidosis
Monitoring: Bicarbonate levels, pH, Na⁺
Counselling: May cause bloating. Take after meals.

Question 4

MOA, Use and monitoring: ferric carbymaltose

Answer 4

MOA: Iron IV replenishment
Use: Anaemia in CKD
Monitoring: Hb, ferritin, transferrin sat (TSAT)
Counselling: Rare hypersensitivity (for IV iron), regular blood tests.

Question 5

MOA, Use and monitoring: epoetin alfa

Answer 5

MOA: Epoetin = stimulates erythropoiesis: red blood cell production
Use: Anaemia in CKD
Monitoring: Hb, ferritin, transferrin sat (TSAT)
Counselling: Rare hypersensitivity (for IV iron), regular blood tests.

Question 6

MOA, Use and monitoring: renavit

Answer 6

MOA: Vitamin supplement for dialysis patients
containing vitamins B and C
Use: CKD-related vitamin deficiency
Monitoring: None routinely
Counselling: Take daily. Do not substitute with OTC multivitamins.