Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Theories of Personality > Class Notes Unit 3 > Flashcards

Class Notes Unit 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What’s the form and content of intellect?

A

Content: knowledge
Form: ability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Orexis content

A

Conation (drives) + Affection (feelings)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Orexis forms

A

Many; but mental states and dispositions are 2 big ones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Do all orexis attributes fit into either mental state or disposition?

A

No. some don’t fit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Mental States vs. Dispositions

A

States: genuine duration (transient), results from interaction with environment, usually affective (but some connative states)

Dispositions: proclivities, needs ability to do it, inclination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Is mental state or mental disposition a frequency conecpt?

A

disposition is.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Are there hidden dispositions?

A

No. need ability and need to look for situations to do.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What’s an example of how line between state and disposition is blurred?

A

Anxiety; can be both a state and a disposition. state of being anxious vs. disposition to experience anxiety.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Affections vs. Feelings

A

Feelings are localized, affections are whole body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Hedonic Valence

A

how pleasant or unpleasant something is

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Are there such things are affections with positive valence?

A

Maybe on average, but always exceptions. (some like to feel pain)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

3 Kinds of Affections

A

Agitations: making me nauseous
Moods: influences tendencies to do things
Emotions: responses to adapt to situations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Motivation vs. Volition

A

motivation: can be aware or unaware
volition: purposeful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What’s wrong with sample of Depth Psych?

A

Mostly clinicians studying clients. Specific sample with possible disorders.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Depth Psychology why it’s called that?

A

Belief that core personality of someone is hidden under other peripheral attributes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Idiographic vs. Nomothetic

A

Idiographic: individual (differences). clinician’s concern

Nomothetic: applies to everyone (law-bearing). universal application

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What evidence does depth psych get?

A

Clinician’s notes and observations of people’s recollections (naturalistic observations + data collection with clinical insturments)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What worldview did Freud have?

A

Materialistic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Psychodynamics

A

How things change over time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What did Cognitive School do to the term unconscious?

A

Added terms that mean the same thing (eg. tacit, implicit, etc.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Descriptive vs. Systemic meanings of unconscious

A

Descriptive: unaware (not directed attention to it)
Systematic: (topographical)
bewusste (Conscious; CS)
unbewusste (Unconscious; UCS)
vorbewusste (Pre-conscious; PCS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Topographical model relationship between CS PCS and UCS

A

It’s easy to go from Pcs to Cs, but Ucs to Cs is very hard. We fight for it not to be conscious. Needs special things like dreams for Ucs to go to Cs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

3 components of Freud’s psychoanalysis

A

1) scientific method
2) for amoral therapy
3) a theory with personality involved

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

History of word “Trait”

A

Portrait –> Biologists used for characteristics (philosophical school –> biology) –> psych

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Trait definition

A

We don’t have a definition but know what it is

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Ontic status of traits

A

realist: traits exist in natural world regardless of knowledge of it; explains behavior

anti-realist: traits are summarizing statements of past behaviors (behaviorist); describes behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Within-situation consistency

A

Traits hold across particular or similar situations that only differ in time (necessary)

28
Q

Cross-situation consistency

A

Traits hold across situations.
Absolute cross-situation: traits exist and situation doesn’t matter
Meaningful cross-situation: Given specific situation, more likely to exhibit behavior

29
Q

Constitutional

A

biology-related, temperament

30
Q

Situation-mould

A

Social; ex: punctuality

31
Q

Literal meaning of character (greek?)

A

engraving

32
Q

Psychological (metaphorical) meaning

A

Object’s qualities or defining quality; not a quantity. (usually have/don’t)

33
Q

Reification

A

A fallacy; taking something abstract and thinking as if it exists

34
Q

Biggest Orectic vs. Character diff

A

Orectic: Descriptive (observations)
Character: Normative (good/bad, standard, rule-governed)

35
Q

Standards of Character

A

Morality (was tied to religion), obligation, permission

36
Q

Telos

A

an ultimate goal or reason or purpose of why we do it

37
Q

What did Aristotle believe about character?

A

Character is teleological

38
Q

Eudaimonia

A

The telos of philosophy. Virtue?

39
Q

More Orectic vs. Character diffs

A

Orectic: dispositional, frequency, affective (reactive)
Character: not dispositional, situation-moulded, connative (and intellective and affective and behavioral)

40
Q

2 Big Catalogs for Personality

A

Big 5 and Five-Factor Model

41
Q

Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics

A

Virtues: liabilities to think, feel, behave in ways to benefit others for flourishing

42
Q

What do Aristotle’s virtues require?

A

Right aims, right mental state, right behavior

43
Q

Enkrateia

A

Ability to regulate ourselves to achieve moral aim (not just self-control0

44
Q

Phronesis

A

Intellective ability to do behavior that gets us to moral aims effectively

45
Q

What’s needed for virtue (greek)?

A

Phronesis and Enkrateia

46
Q

Vices (aristotle)

A

Liabilities to do things that benefit self

47
Q

Values in Action (VIA)

A

Studied virtues as descriptive, not normative. Assumes 1st and 3rd person symmetry. Five-Factor parallel

48
Q

Barnum Effect

A

vague statements that apply to most people (and are really worthless)

49
Q

Why’s orectic more convoluted than intellective attributes?

A

Many more manifestations. Typical performance. Goodness criteria

50
Q

Construction of Personality Assessments

A

Rational Approach, Criterion, Factor Analysis

51
Q

Problems with rational approach

A

jingle fallacy (understandings of concept differs)

52
Q

Disguise (orectic vs. intellective)

A

No need to disguise intellective but need for some orectics

53
Q

Response Latitude

A

Range of responses (unstructured, semi structured, structured)

54
Q

Anlage vs. Temperament

A

Anlage: things that come active early on
Temperament: orectic version of anlage functions (comes alive early like childhood/in utero)

55
Q

Humoralism

A

naturalistic (find causes in the natural world), individualistic, nomothetic

56
Q

Danger of phi to psyche

A

Defining psychological phenomena with biology

57
Q

3 Domains of Reactivity

A

Negative affect (avoidance), Positve affect (approach), Constraint (effort)

58
Q

When is temperament with consistency a thing?

A

Early. Babies have.

59
Q

Emprism vs. Nativism

A

empirism: what we do is because of environment
nativism: we inherit what we do

60
Q

5 Parts of Ergs

A

1) Mastery: persistent optimal task
2) Affiliation: belongs to something
3) Understanding: why it’s happening
( above 3 ^ early in life)
4) Power
5) Control
- motivational, not volitional

61
Q

2 Dimensions of emotions

A

High/Low, Pos/Neg Valence

62
Q

Characteristic adaptations

A

changing personality to adjust to situations (biggest is Self)

63
Q

self- concepts

A

many! over 80+

64
Q

Reference values

A

outcomes that we strive

65
Q

Interpretations

A

how we view what’s happening

66
Q

Strategies

A

how to obtain the reference values

Theories of Personality (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions