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Pathology/ Pathophysiology > Classic/Relevant Treatments > Flashcards

Classic/Relevant Treatments Flashcards

1
Q

Absence seizures

A

Ethosuximide

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2
Q

Acute gout attack

A

NSAIDS, colchicine, glucocorticoids

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3
Q

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)

A

All trans-retinoic acid

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4
Q

ADHD

A

Methylphenidate, amphetamines, CBT, atomoxetine, guanfacine, clonidine

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5
Q

Alcoholism

A

Disulfiram, acamprosate, naltrexone, supportive care

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6
Q

Alcohol withdrawl

A

Long-acting benzodiazepines

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7
Q

Anorexia

A

Nutrition, psychotherapy, mirtazapine

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8
Q

Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

A

Class 1B antiarrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine)

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9
Q

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

alpha 1 antagonists, 5alpha reductase inhibitors, PDE-5 inhibitors

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10
Q

Bipolar disorder

A

Mood stabilizers (eg, lithium, valproate, carbamazepine), atypical antipsychotics

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11
Q

Breast cancer in postmenopausal women

A

Aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)

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12
Q

Buerger disease

A

Smoking cessation

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13
Q

Bulimia nervosa

A

SSRIs

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14
Q

Candida albicans

A

Topical azoles (vaginitis); nystatin, fluconazole, caspofungin (oral/esophageal); fluconazole, caspofungin, ampho B (systemic)

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15
Q

Carcinoid syndrome

A

Octreotide

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16
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis

A

Doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone to cover gonorrhea)

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17
Q

Chronic gout

A

Xanthine oxidase inhibitors (allopurinol, febuxostat); pegloticase, probenecid

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18
Q

Chronic hepatitis B or C

A

IFN-alpha (HBV and HCV); ribavirin, simeprevir, sofosbuvir (HCV)

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19
Q

Chronic myelogenous leukemia

A

Imatinib

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20
Q

Clostridium botulinum

A

Antitoxin

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21
Q

Clostridium difficile

A

Oral metronidazole; if refractory- vancomycin

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22
Q

Clostridium tetani

A

Antitoxin

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23
Q

CMV

A

Ganciclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir

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24
Q

Crohn disease

A

Corticosteroids, infliximab, azathioprine

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25
Q

Cyptococcus neoformans

A

Fluconazole

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26
Q

Cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis

A

Mesna

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27
Q

Diabetes insipidus

A

Desmopressin (central); hydrochlorothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)

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28
Q

Diabetic ketoacidosis

A

Fluids, insulin, K+

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29
Q

Drug of choice for anticoagulation during pregnancy

A

Heparin

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30
Q

Enterococci

A

Vancomycin, aminopenicillins/cephalosporins

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31
Q

Erectile dysfunction

A

Sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil

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32
Q

ER + breast cancer

A

Tamoxifen

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33
Q

Ethylene glycol/ methanol intoxication

A

Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)

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34
Q

H. influenzae (B)

A

Rifampin (prophylaxis)

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35
Q

Generalized anxiety disorder

A

SSRIs/SNRIs (first line); buspirone (second line)

36
Q

Granulomatosis with polyangitis (Wegener)

A

Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids

37
Q

Heparin reversal

A

Protamine sulfate

38
Q

HER2/neu + breast cancer

A

Trastuzumab

39
Q

Hyperaldosteronism

A

Spironolactone

40
Q

Hypercholesterolemia

A

Statin (1st line)

41
Q

Hypertriglyceridemia

A

Fibrate

42
Q

Immediate anticoagulation

A

Heparin

43
Q

Infertility

A

Leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile), clomiphene

44
Q

INfluenza

A

Oseltamivir, zanamivir

45
Q

Kawasaki disease

A

IVIG, high-dose aspirin

46
Q

Legionella pneumonia

A

Macrolides

47
Q

Long-term anticoagulation

A

Warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and apixaban

48
Q

Malaria

A

Chloroquine, metfloquine, atovaquone/proguanil (for blood schiont), primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)

49
Q

Malignant hyperthermia

A

Dantrolene

50
Q

Medical abortion

A

Mifepristone

51
Q

Migraine

A

Abortive: sumatriptan, NSAIDS; prophylaxis: propranolol, topiramate, CCBs, amitriptyline

52
Q

Multiple sclerosis

A

Disease modifying therapies (beta-interferon, natalizumab); for acute flare-ups, use IV steroids

53
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

RIPE (rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)

54
Q

Neisseria gonorrhea

A

Ceftriaxone (+ doxycycline for chlamydia)

55
Q

Neisseria meningitidis

A

Penicillin/ ceftriaxone, rifampin (prophylaxis)

56
Q

Neural tube defect prevention

A

Prenatal folate

57
Q

Osteomalacia/ rickets

A

Vit D supplementation

58
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Calcium/ vit D supplementation (prophylaxis); bisphosphonates, PTH analogs, SERMS (eg raloxifene), calcitonin, denosumab (treatment)

59
Q

Patent ductus arteriosus

A

Closure- indomethacin; Maintain patency- PGE analogs

60
Q

Pheochromocytoma

A

Alpha antagonist (phenoxybenzamine)

61
Q

Pneumocystis jirovecii

A

TMP-SMX

62
Q

Prolactinoma

A

Cabergoline/ bromocriptine

63
Q

Prostate adenocarcinoma / uterine fibroids

A

Leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)

64
Q

Prostate adenocarcinoma

A

FLutamide

65
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Antipseudomonal penicillins, aminoglycosides, carbapenems

66
Q

Pulmonary arterial HTN (idiopathic)

A

Sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol

67
Q

Rickettsia rickettsii

A

Doxycycline, chloramphenicol

68
Q

Schizophrenia (negative symptoms)

A

Atypical antipsychotics

69
Q

Schizophrenia (positive symptoms)

A

Typical and atypical antipsychotics

70
Q

SIADH

A

Fluid restriction, IV hypertonic saline, conivaptan/tolvaptan, demeclocycline

71
Q

Sickle cell disease

A

Hydroxyurea (increases fetal hemoglobin)

72
Q

Sporothrix schenckii

A

Itraconazole, oral potassium iodide

73
Q

Stable angina

A

Sublingual nitroglycerin

74
Q

Staph aureus

A

MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin; MRSA: vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, ceftaroline

75
Q

Strep bovis

A

Penicillin prophylaxis; evaluation for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis

76
Q

Strep pneumoniae

A

Penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia); vancomycin (meningitis)

77
Q

Strep pyogenes

A

Penicillin prophylaxis

78
Q

Temporal arteritis

A

High-dose steroids

79
Q

Tonic clonic seizures

A

Levetiracetam, phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine

80
Q

Toxoplasma gondii

A

Sulfadiazone + pyrimethamine

81
Q

Treponema pallidum

A

Penicillin

82
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis

A

Metronidazole

83
Q

Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Carbamazepine

84
Q

Ulcerative colitis

A

5-ASA preparations (eg, mesalamine), 6-mercaptopurine, infliximab, colectomy

85
Q

UTI prophylaxis

A

TMP-SMX

86
Q

Warfarin reversal

A

Fresh frozen plasma (acute), vitamin K (non-acute)

Pathology/ Pathophysiology (5 decks)

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