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Classic/relevant Treatments Flashcards

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1
Q

Absence seizures

A

Ethosuximide

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2
Q

Acute gout attack

A

NSAIDs, colchicine, glucocorticoids

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3
Q

Acute promeylocytic anemia (M3)

A

All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)

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4
Q

ADHD

A

Methylphenidate, amphetamines, CBT, atomoxetine, guanfacine, clonidine

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5
Q

Alcoholism

A

Disulfiram, acamprosate, naltrexone, supportive care

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6
Q

Alcohol withdrawal

A

Long-acting benzodiazepines

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7
Q

Anorexia

A

Nutrition, psychotherapy, mirtazipine

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8
Q

Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

A

Class Ib antiarrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine)

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9
Q

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

Alpha-1 antagonists, 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors, PDE-5 inhibitors

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10
Q

Bipolar disorder

A

Mood stabilizers (lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine), atypical antipsychotics

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11
Q

Breast cancer in postmenopausal women

A

Aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)

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12
Q

Buerger disease

A

Smoking cessation

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13
Q

Bulimia nervosa

A

SSRI

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14
Q

Candida albicans

A

Topical azoles (vaginitis); nystatin, fluconazole, caspofungin (oral/esophageal); fluconazole, caspofungin, amphotericin B (systemic)

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15
Q

Carcinoid syndrome

A

Octreotide

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16
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis

A

Doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrheal coinfection), erythromycin eye drops (conjunctivitis prophylaxis in infants)

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17
Q

Chronic gout

A

Xanthine oxidase inhibitor (allopurinol, febuxostat); pegloticase; probenecid

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18
Q

Chronic HepB/C

A

IFN-alpha (HBV & HCV)

Ribavirin, simeprevir, sofosbuvir (HCV)

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19
Q

Chronic myelogenous leukemia

A

Imatinib

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20
Q

Clostridium botulinum

A

Antitoxin

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21
Q

Clostridium difficile

A

Oral metronidazole; oral vancomycin if refractory

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22
Q

Clostridium tetani

A

Antitoxin

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23
Q

CMV

A

Ganciclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir

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24
Q

Crohn disease

A

Corticosteroids, infliximab, azathioprine

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25
Cryptococcus neoformans
Fluconazole (in AIDS patients)
26
Cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis
Mesna
27
Depression
SSRI (first line)
28
Diabetes insipidus
Desmopressin (central) | HCTZ, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)
29
T1DM
Dietary intervention (low carbohydrate) + insulin replacement
30
T2DM
Dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemics, insulin if refractory
31
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Fluids, insulin, K+
32
Drug of choice for anticoagulation in pregnancy
Heparin
33
Enterococci
Vancomycin, aminopenicillins/cephalosporins
34
Erectile dysfunction
Sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil
35
ER+ breast cancer
Tamoxifen
36
Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication
Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)
37
Haemophilus influenzae B
Rifampin (prophylaxis)
38
Generalized anxiety disorder
SSRIs, SNRIs (first line) | Buspirone (second line)
39
Granulomatosus with polyangiitis (Wegener's)
Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids
40
Heparin reversal
Protamine sulfate
41
HER2/neu+ breast cancer
Trastuzumab
42
Hyperaldosteronism
Spironolactone
43
Hypercholesterolemia
Statin (first line)
44
Immediate anticoagulation
Heparin
45
Infertility
Leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile), clomiphene
46
Influenza
Oseltamivir, zanamivir
47
Kawasaki disease
IVIG, high-dose aspirin
48
Legionella pneumophila
Macrolides (i.e. azithromycin)
49
Long-term anticoagulation
Warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban
50
Malaria
Clorloquine, mefloquine Atovaqone/proguanil (for blood schizont) Primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)
51
Malignant hyperthermia
Dantrolene
52
Medical abortion
Mifepristone
53
Migraine
Abortive therapy: NSAIDs, sumatriptan | Prophylaxis: propranolol, topiramate, CCBs, amitryptiline
54
Multiple sclerosis
Disease-modifying therapies (beta-interferon, natalizumab) | IV steroids for acute flare
55
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol
56
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Ceftriaxone (add doxycycline to cover concomitant C. trachomatis)
57
Neisseria meningitidis
Penicillin/ceftriaxone | Rifampin for prophylaxis
58
Neural tube defect prevention
Prenatal folic acid
59
Osteomalacia/rickets
Vitamin D supplementation
60
Osteoporosis
Calcium/vitamin D supplementation (prophylaxis) | Bisphosphonates, PTH analogs, SERMs, calcitonin, denosumab
61
Patent ductus arteriosus
Open: PGE analogs Close: indomethacin
62
Pneumocystis jirovecii
TMP-SMX (prophylaxis & treatment in immunosuppressed patients)
63
Prolactinoma
Dopamine agonists (cabergoline, bromocriptine)
64
Prostate adenocarcinoma/uterine fibroids
Leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)
65
Prostate adenocarcinoma
Flutamide
66
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Antipseudomonal penicillins, aminoglycosides, carbapenems
67
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (idiopathic)
Sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol
68
Rickettsia rickettsii
Doxycycline, chloramphenicol
69
Schizophrenia (negative symptoms)
Atypical antipsychotics
70
Schizophrenia (positive symptoms)
Typical & atypical antipsychotics
71
SIADH
Fluid restriction, IV hypertonic saline, conivaptan/tolvaptan, demeclocycline
72
Sickle cell disease
Hydroxyurea (increases fetal hemoglobin)
73
Sporothrix schenckii
Itraconazole, oral potassium iodide
74
Stable angina
Sublingual nitroglycerine
75
Staphylococcus aureus
MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin MRSA: vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, ceftaroline
76
Streptococcus bovis
Penicillin prophylaxis; evaluation for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis
77
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia) | Vancomycin (meningitis)
78
Streptococcus pyogenes
Penicillin prophylaxis
79
Temporal arteritis
High-dose steroids
80
Tonic-clonic seizures
Levetiracetam, phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine
81
Toxoplasma gondii
Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
82
Treponema pallidum
Penicillin
83
Trichomonas vaginalis
Metronidazole (patient & partner)
84
Trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux)
Carbamazepine
85
Ulcerative colitis
5-ASA preparations (mesalamine), 6-mercaptopurine, infliximab, colectomy
86
UTI prophylaxis
TMP-SMX
87
Warfarin reversal
``` Fresh frozen plasma (acute) Vitamin K (non-acute) ```

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