Classics__GP5_all flash cards
(128 cards)
1
Q
The Praetorians found ___________ hiding behind a curtain, and they saluted him as emperor, although he was physically disabled and his own family hated him.
A
Claudius
1
Q
The Romans basically _________ the mountain to mine. They dug a shaft behind on of the mountain faces and under it. They had six ______ pouring on it and would set fire to it so the mountain will _______. They would mine the ________ part of the mountain for ___.
A
destroyed; shatter; shattered; ore
2
Q
When the ________ ______ ___ ______ in 64 CE burned down much of the city, Nero used the empty land to build a giant palace for himself.
A
Great Fire of Rome
3
Q
Trajan was from _______, not Italy. He was chosen to be emperor because of his abilities, not because he was related to Nerva. This set an important precedent!
A
Spain
4
Q
Nevertheless, a few Roman women were very powerful because of their ______ ________, __________ ________, ___ __________ ________ _______ __________.
A
High status, Personal Wealth, or position within Roman religion
4
Q
_____ _____ is a very large border fortification that stretches from one end of Britain to the other.
A
Hadrian?s Wall
4
Q
Caeser led an army against the ____ in France and conquered a great deal of territory. But this was was NOT sanctioned by the Senate
A
Gauls
5
Q
Like in many other ancient societies, women didn’t have ________ _________ to men in ancient Rome.
A
Equal Rights
5
Q
A_________ had swept through the Empire and decimated the Legions ? so Marcus Aurelius was forced to enlist slaves in the army! He granted them their freedom if they would fight for Rome!
A
plague
6
Q
The capital of the Byzantine Empire, _________, remained until 1453 CE! The last emperor Constantine XI, was finally defeated by the growing Ottoman Empire.
A
Constantinople
6
Q
________ succeeded his stepfather, Augustus, as emperor but he didn’t want to!
A
Tiberius
7
Q
Vespasian marks the beginning of the _________ _________ , a period of rebuilding and prosperity in the Roman world.
A
Flavian Dynasty
8
Q
Patricians usually commanded Rome?s army as __________ or ___________.
A
consuls; proconuls
8
Q
Legionaries now served in the army full-time for __ _____ _____!
A
26 year terms
9
Q
Pompeii has temples to ________, _________, and even the Egyptian goddess ______.
A
Apollo, Jupiter, Isis.
10
Q
Whe Tiberius died, his will left power to his young grand nephew, ____________.
A
Caligula
11
Q
Some people think his mother ______, elimiated all possible rivals until Tiberius was the only choice left.
A
Livia
12
Q
With Caseser dead, there was a power vacuum. Into that vacuum stepped Caeser’s adopted son, Gaius ______ and Caeser’s second in command ______ _____.
A
Octavian; Marcus Antonius
13
Q
Hadrian chose his successor, _______ ______ who ruled over a long period of peace and prosperity.
A
Antoninus Pius,
14
Q
We call this palce the ________ ________, “The Golden House.”
A
Domus Aurea
15
Q
In the decades following the murder of the Gracchi brothers, two factions developed in Roman politics: the ______ and the ______.
A
optimates; populares
15
Q
, thick, fire-proof, wall that separated the new forum from the ______, the poorest neighborhood in Rome.
A
subura
16
Q
By 96 CE, however, many felt he demanded to be called ____________ __ _____. His own imperial officials assassinated him, and the Senate condemned his memory to oblivion!
A
dominus et deus
16
Q
Under Augustus, the Senate _____ ___ __ __ ______, but so did the plebian assemblies. Power was held by Augustus alone.
A
lost much of its authority
17
Crassus wanted to be the equal of Caeser and Pmpey, and so he bought an army and led it towards the _____ \_\_\_\_\_\_
Parthian Empire
18
The Romans produced over ________ lbs. of _____ \_\_\_\_ annually. This probably required the labor of over _______ laborers.
14,500; gold ore; 80,000
20
Many people fled the city, but those that didn't were killed -instantly- by the next _____________ \_\_\_\_\_\_.
Pyroclastic Flow
21
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ was a famous Roman mathematician and scientist who studied in Alexandria. She refused to back down in a debate with anyone!
Hypatia
21
The ______ believed that the Senate should hold the most power in Rome
optimates
23
In Rome, a senator named ______ bribed the Praetorian guards to assassinate Galba.
Otho
23
While free Roman women were considered citizens, they were _____ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ ___ \_\_\_\_\_\_ ________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ ____ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ ___ \_\_\_\_\_\_.
Not allowed to hold public offices nor allowed to vote.
23
Antony built his forces in east primarily in _____ and \_\_\_\_\_\_. He allied with the powerful Egyptian pharoah \_\_\_\_\_\_.
Greece; Egypt, Cleopatra
24
But Claudius was great at being emperor. He __________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_, _______ \_\_ _________ \_\_\_ ____ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, __________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. _______ \_\_\_\_\_\_ ____ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, ____ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_!
Reformed Roman law, wrote a history of the Etruscons, conquered Britain, built many new roads, bridges, and aqueducts.
25
Under Vespasian, many new public buildings were added to Rome, including the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Coliseum
27
The city thrived for many centuries until it was destroyed by a __________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ in ___ \_\_\_\_.
Volcanic Eruption; 79 CE
27
cold room
Frigidarium
28
The most famous, privileged priestesses in Rome were the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Vestal Virgins
28
Marcus Aurelius was a philosopher and a writer, but he spent most of his time fighting the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Marcomanni
29
Caeser defeated the last king of Gaul, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, at the Battle of Alesia in 52 BCE . Rome now controlled all of Gaul.
Vercingetorix
30
dressing room
Apodyterium
31
Galba's reign as emperor ended after just seven months. The legions stationed in Germany supported their commander, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, as emperor.
Vitellius
31
The Romans needed the _____ to trade for their \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
metals; food
32
The wealthy familes lived in large, luxurious _______ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ with their slaves.
Urban Villas
32
Vespasian ruled the Empire jointly with his son, \_\_\_\_\_\_, from 69-79 CE. Titus died in 81 CE.
Titus
32
Octavian built his power in \_\_\_\_, _____ and \_\_\_\_.
Italy; Gaul; Spain.
34
Roman religion gave many women opportunities to gain high status by becoming\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
priestesses
35
We estimate that Pompeii was the home of around ________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ in 79 CE.
10,0000 people
36
Vitellius and Otho were at war against each other when suddenly, ___________ returned to Rome from the east!
Vespasian
37
Most business was done in the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, which is connected to a __________ (market) and a __________ (government building).
Forum, Macellum, basilica.
38
Augustus wanted people to believe that Rome was returning to the ______ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_, the time of heroes like Romulus and Remus
Golden Age
39
The conspirators, including ______ and ______ attacked Caeser in front of the bust of Pompey.
Cassius; Brutus
41
The city has three baths: the _______ \_\_\_\_\_\_, the _________ \_\_\_\_\_\_, and the _________ \_\_\_\_\_\_.
Forum bath, Stabian Bath, Suburban Bath.
42
By the 4th Century CE, the Roman Empire had been divided into two parts: the _______ \_\_\_\_\_ _____ and the _____ \_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_.
Western Roman Empire; Eastern Roman Empire
43
hot or steamroom
Caldarium
44
He even hired poets to write about the Golden Age. One of them was \_\_\_\_\_. He wrote the poem known as the \_\_\_\_\_. In it \_\_\_\_\_\_, sees a vision under Augustus and likes it.
Vergil; Aeneid; Aeneid
46
The _______ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ used her influence to support the education of girls and to provide help to the poor of Rome. She was so loved by the Roman people that a temple was built for her in the Roman Forum!
Empress Faustina
46
Julius Cesat, like all Roman Generals, was forbidded to bring his army across the _____ \_\_\_\_\_, north of Rome.
Rubicon River
47
Unlike Augustus, Tiberius accepted the title of _____ as well as \_\_\_\_\_.
imperator, princeps
48
The Roman army was organized around the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Each legion was made up of around six thousand men.
Legions
49
In all there were ____ Julio-Claudian emperors. Not all directly related.
Five
50
Ottoman takeover of Rome lasts until \_\_\_\_\_.
1922
51
In 31 BCE, their forces met at the ______ \_\_ \_\_\_\_.
Battle of Actium
53
Some women, like \_\_\_\_\_\_\_, the wife of Augustus, rose to positions of great power and prominence
Livia
54
In all, Vesuvius unleased __________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_more thermal energy than a nuclear bomb over two days.
150,000 times
54
Octavian was given the name ______ and he took for himself all the powers of consul, censor, and tribune!
Augustus
55
\_\_\_\_ ___ \_\_\_\_\_, a plebian consul, and optimate, raised an army to fight Julius Caeser. It was a civil war for control of Rome!
Pompey the Great
56
Augustus made many changes in Rome. First he reorganized the city into ______ \_\_\_\_\_\_
sixteen regions
58
Poor plebeian women often worked at the ________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ ____ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ (but they could not serve in the Roman army.)
same jobs as men
59
The Romans abandoned Britain, Spain was occupied by the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, North Africa was taken by the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, and Greece and Gaul were attacked by the \_\_\_\_\_.
Visigoths; Vandals; Huns
60
Augustus also built the _____ \_\_\_\_ (the" _____ of\_\_\_\_\_\_\_") as a birthday present for his wife \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Ara Pacis; Altar of Peace: Livia
61
shopping, library, eating and everything else room
Palestra
63
Nerva was old and ruled only two years, but he kept the Empire from falling into chaos. He also chose his own successor:\_\_\_\_\_\_!
Trajan
64
In order to keep the peace, the three most powerful men in Rome formed a _____ to share power.
triumvirate
64
Julius Caeser named himself ______ for life and said the he wanted to restore th Repulic---- but did he?
dictator
66
The first was \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. He was a former general from a wealthy family. He was notoriously cruel and he levied huge taxes on the parts of the empire that were slow to accept him!
Galba
67
In 68 CE, the Julio-Claudian __________ end with the death of the emperor \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
dynasty, Nero
68
Populares
"men of the people"
70
For entertainment, Pompeiians could visit the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, and the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Amphitheathre, theatre, Odeion.
71
In ____ \_\_\_\_, Julius Caeser held ultimate power in Rome. But a secret conspiracy was growing among the surviving optimates.
44 BCE
72
He rebuilt the Roman Forum, and also built his own Forum Augustus complete with a ______ \_\_ ______ \_\_\_\_\_\_ ("\_\_\_\_\_ the \_\_\_\_\_\_")
Temple of Mars Ultor; Mars the Avenger
73
Vespasian ruled the Empire jointly with his son, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_, from 69-79 CE.
Titus
73
In order to pay for his political career, Caeser had borrowed huge sums of money from _____ \_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_/
Crassus the Rich
73
The Ara pacis is decorated with a ______ that shows the family of Augustus and Livia, the Julii and the Claudii gentes, whom we call the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
frieze; Julio-Claudians
75
The last emperor of the Western Roman Empire, _______ \_\_\_\_\_\_, was forced to abdicate to the warlord Odoacer on September 4, 476 CE.
Romulus Augustus
76
On ________ \_\_\_\_\_, ___ \_\_\_, _________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ erupted sending an enormous column of molten rock and ash 20 miles in the sky at a rate of 1,500,000 tons per second.
August 24th, 79 CE, Mount Vesuvius
77
There had been the change to return Rome to a republic?but there was no __________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_of the republic by 69 CE.
Living Memory
78
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ __________ were responsible for overseeing a household. This meant that they controlled many slaves.
Aristocratic women
79
swimming pool
Nautatio
81
It was the home to Romans, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, and other groups of people.
Latins, Oscans, Greeks
82
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ made up the rest of soldiers in a Roman army. They were drafted from areas that Rome conquered.
Auxilia
83
Despite the, Europe and the Mediterranean entered a period of peace and prosperity called the ____ \_\_\_\_\_
Pax Romana
85
Roman itself was sacked by the Goths in ____ \_\_\_!
410 CE
86
Roman women could _____ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, ______ \_\_\_\_ ________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_, and ______ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ ____________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Own property, Lend and borrow money, Fund public building projects.
88
The city of Pompeii was founded in the _____ \_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_.
8th. C. BCE
88
Trajan brought the Roman Empire to its greatest extent. He then chose his successor: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Hadrian
90
Each \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_was made up of ten \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Each _______ had six \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
legions; cohorts; cohort; centuriae
91
The next cloud swept over the city of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. The _____________ \_\_\_\_\_\_ that hit the city was moving half the speed of sound. Few escaped and the city was entombed in solid rock.
Herculaneum Pyroclastic Flow
93
Hadrian spent much of his reign touring the Empire, improving conditions, and overseeing new projects. He was responsible for building both\_\_\_\_\_ _____ and the ______ in Rome!
Hadrian?s Wall and the Pantheon
94
Many large houses rented out the ________ \_\_\_\_\_ ____________ attached to the front of their houses.
Shops, Apartments.
96
The first triumvirate was _____ \_\_\_\_\_, ______ \_\_\_ ___ and ____ \_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_.
Julius Caeser, Pompey the Great, Carssus the Rich.
97
\_\_\_ ______ was a patrician populares, He was born to the old and influential Julii family, but they had fallen on hard times.
Julius Caeser
99
Under Vespasian, many new public buildings were added to Rome, including the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Coliseum
100
An enormous aqueduct was built that brought water to many new ____________ in the eastern deserts!
coloniae
101
Romans poured ore in a _____ \_\_\_\_\_ to melt the metal, and then broke the _______ to get the melted ore.
smelting furnace; furnace
102
The last Flavian emperor,\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, was assassinated in 96 CE (perhaps) by the senate
Domitian
104
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ were aristrocrats or wealthy plebicians who relied on the plebian assemblies and the power of the tribure for their political power.
Popluares
105
But in the Eastern Roman Empire also known as the _____ \_\_\_\_, Roman civilization continued.
Byzantine Empire
107
Optimates
"the best men"
108
warm room
Tepidarium
109
Vespasian's army soon deposed of Vitellius and the rest of the Roman legions-from Britain to Syria-swore their loyalty to __________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Emperor Vespasian
110
When this column collapsed, ____________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ (dense clouds of superheated ash, and posinous gases) billowed outwards to the Bay of Naples.
Pyroclastic Flows
111
Each soldier was issued his equipment: _______ (javelin), ______ (sword), _______ (shield), ______ \_\_\_\_\_\_ (armor)
Pilum; Gladias; Scutum; Lorica Segmentata
112
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ were the cavalry because they had enough money to buy a horse.
Equites
114
Along with the pyroclastic cloud, _________ (compressed ash), _________ (stones) and ______ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ began to strike Pompeii.
Lapilli, Tephra, Lava bombs
115
Caligula's names means "\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_" - it was a nickname given to him as a child because he wore a solidier's uniform.
Little Boot
116
Other Pompeiians lived in large aparment buildings called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Insulae
117
\_\_\_\_\_\_ succeeded his step-father, Claudius, but possessed none of his abilities.
Nero
118
Augustus called himself \_\_\_\_\_\_, not king or emperor. ______ means "the chief citizen".
Princeps; princeps
119
Following the death of Domitian, a senator named \_\_\_\_\_\_was proclaimed emperor by the Senate.
Nerva
120
Pompey had married Caeser's daugher ______ , but she died in 54 BCE.
Julia
121
The Sixth Legion was stationed in Britain along _______ \_\_\_\_\_\_.
Hadrian?s Wall
122
The Roman army began as _________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Plebeians served in the infantry, known as the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
citizen soldiers; legions
123
The Roman army was not just for fighting and conquest. It was also responsible for _____ \_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, ______ \_\_\_\_, and ______ \_\_\_\_\_\_.
building roads and aqueducts, overseeing mines, and guarding borders
124
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ was very influential on the politics of the Roman Republic. She was the daughter of Scipio Africanus and the mother of the Gracchi brothers, and used her power to help (and hinder) their political careers!
Cornelia Scipionis Africana
125
Each centuria was made up of 80 men and commanded by a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
centurion
126
The fall of the Roman Empire marks the end of the ancient world and the beginning of the modern one, but many things from the ______ \_\_\_\_\_\_ are still important to us today. THE END.
Classical Tradition
127
The ______ built Hadrian's Wall, and ______ designed it. The _____ sometimes built it the way ____ designed it and sometimes did not.
soldiers; Hadrian; soldiers;Hadrian
128
\_\_\_\_\_\_ _______ was chosen by Hadrian to succeed Antoninus Pius. He became emperor in 161 CE.
Marcus Aureliu
