Classification

Question 1

What was used to classify organisms before molecular biology

Answer 1

morphology

Question 2

What is the qualities of a genetic material that is used to classify all organisms

Answer 2

1. it must be present in all organisms
2. the gene has to be relatively long
3. accumulates mutation slowly

Question 3

one of the first researchers to build phylogenetic trees

Answer 3

Carl Woese

Question 4

What cell component is common to all life and is used to molecularly categorize organisms

Answer 4

Ribosome

Question 5

What translated the RNA protein

Answer 5

Ribosome

Question 6

What is the ribosome built of

Answer 6

Ribosomal RNA

Question 7

3 Domains of Life

Answer 7

Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya

Question 8

Which domains of life have prokaryotic cell structures

Answer 8

Archae and Bacteria

Question 9

What domain is fungi from

Answer 9

Eukarya

Question 10

What domain are plants from

Answer 10

Eukarya

Question 11

What domain consists of far less common organisms found in harsh environments

Answer 11

Archaea

Question 12

80S ribosome

Answer 12

Eukarya

Question 13

70s ribosome

Answer 13

Bacteria and Archaea

Question 14

What domain has membrane-bound organelles?

Answer 14

Eukarya

Question 15

What classifications have single called organisms

Answer 15

Bacteria and Archaea

Question 16

What is the cell walls present in some Archaea organisms

Answer 16

Pseudo-peptidoglycan

Question 17

What cell walls are present in most bacteria

Answer 17

Peptidoglycan

Question 18

What cell walls do plants have

Answer 18

cellulose

Question 19

What cell wall for fungi have ?

Answer 19

Chitin

Question 20

How many times bigger is a Eukaryote cell

Answer 20

10x larger than prokaryotic cells

Question 21

What are the similarities of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Answer 21

Both have DNA, ribosomes, plasma membrane, cytosol

Question 22

Do prokaryotes have a nucleus?

Answer 22

No

Question 23

What classification of organisms have a single circular piece of DNA?

Answer 23

Prokaryotic cells

Question 24

What classifications have no membrane bound organelles

Answer 24

Prokaryotes (Archaea and Bacteria)

Question 25

What genes suggest that Archaeans and Eukaryotes are more closely related

Answer 25

Asgard genes

Question 26

Common set of features in all organisms

Answer 26

1. Cells definitely by a membrane composed of a bilayer of lipid molecules 2. A genetic system based on DNA 3. A system of information transfer: DNA to RNA to Protein 4. Ribosomes as th central feature of protein assembly 5. Reliance on proteins as the major structural and catalytic molecule 6. Use of ATP 7. Common pathways of energy transformation

Question 27

Describe endosymbiosis

Answer 27

a prokaryotic cell engulfed aerobic bacteria which became mitochondria and then engulfed photosynthetic bacterua to become chloroplasts

Question 28

what are the evidences of endosymbiosis

Answer 28

1. same size as modern prokaryotes 2. eukaryotic cells have their own circular stranded double stranded DNA 3. they divide by binary fission 4. have bacterial like ribosomes 5. many other (endo) symbiotic associations exist (crabs and anemones)

Question 29

carbon source: organic energy source: organic

Answer 29

chemoorganoheterotroph

Question 30

carbon source: organic energy source: inorganic

Answer 30

chemoorganoautotroph

Question 31

energy source: inorganic carbon source: organic

Answer 31

chemolithoheterotroph

Question 32

energy source: inorganic carbon source: inorganic

Answer 32

chemolithoautotroph

Question 33

energy source: light carbon source: organic

Answer 33

photoheterotroph

Question 34

energy source: light carbon source: inorganic

Answer 34

photoautotroph

Question 35

is CO2 organic?

Answer 35

Inorganic

Question 36

what makes up organic molecules

Answer 36

C-H bonds