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Jainie’s EPPP Questions > Clinical > Flashcards

Clinical Flashcards

1
Q

Therapy Elements in Motivational Interviewing

A

Person-Centered (Rogers), Transtheoretical Model (Prochaska & DiClemente), self-efficacy (Bandura), cognitive dissonance (Festinger).

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2
Q

Statuses and phases of Helm’s White Racial Identity Model

A

“CDR-PIA”

First Phase: Contact, Disintegration, and Reintegration.

Second Phase: Pseudo-independence, Immersion/emersion and Autonomy.

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3
Q

Assessment structure when identifying personality disorders

A

Use self report measures first then follow with semi structured interview.

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4
Q

Schizophrenia Prevalence Rates
For First Degree Relative who shares 50% genes:

A

6% biological parent
9% biological siblings
13% child (offspring)
17% dizygotic twin.
48% monozygotic twins who share
100% of their genes.

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5
Q

What is the age requirement for onset as well as the duration of symptoms for the DX of ADHD?

A

Onset of symptoms before 12 years of age that last for at least 6 months.

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6
Q

What is “Detouring” in Structure Family Therapy?

A

When two family members avoid their conflict by focusing on a third member.

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7
Q

What is “Stable Coalition” in Structure Family Therapy?

A

Dysfunctional alliances between at least two members against another member.

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8
Q

What is “Triangulation” in Structure Family Therapy?

A

When a child becomes involved in parent’s conflictual interventions by taking sides, distracting parents, and carrying messages in order to minimize conflict between parents.

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9
Q

What are exception questions used for in SFT?

A

To help clients identify times when their problems did not exist or were less intense.

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10
Q

What is a scaling question in SFT?

A

Where you use measurements to help the patient evaluate their progress. “On a scale of 1-10…and why?”

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11
Q

What are the 5 stages of Cross and Vandiver’s Black racial identity development model and describe key elements of each stage?

A

Pre-encounter: low salience for race, distrust and negative stereotypes of AA.
Encounter: First encounter and awareness of racial injustice.
Immersion-emersion: Acceptance of being AA, trying out “black” and figuring it out.
Internalization: Dissonance between the old and new self is resolved.
Internalization-commitment: a person might adapt a more nuanced definition of Blackness and reject simplistic either-or definitions.

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12
Q

What is Ketamine used for?

A

Treatment Resistant Depression (TRD)

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13
Q

What were the outcome of the metanalysis conducted by Smith, glass, Miller on the efficacy of psychotherapy?

A

Their metanalysis produced a mean effect size of .85, which meant that the average patient who receives psychotherapy was better often 80% of patients who did not receive psychotherapy.

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14
Q

List the symptoms of alcohol withdrawal after sensation or reduction of heavy and prolonged use.

A

For the diagnosis you need to of the following symptoms:

autonomic hyperactivity and tremor
insomnia
nausea/vomiting
transit hallucinations or illusions
psychomotor agitations
anxiety
generalized tonic clonic seizures

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15
Q

Name the three stages of Howard’s phase model, and what each stage includes.

A

Remoralization- first few session of therapy. Increased sense of hope.
Remediation-
Rehabilitation

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16
Q

Community Health prevention three step process

A

Primary- Educating public on potential disease
Secondary- Identifying infected population and offering screening and interventions to reduce spread
Tertiary- Reducing the severity of the disease

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17
Q

Requirements for brief psychotic disorder, diagnosis

A

Aires the presence of one or more symptoms with at least one symptom being delusions, hallucinations or disorganized speech for at least one day, but less than one month.

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18
Q

What are the required presents of symptoms to diagnose ADHD?

A

Characteristic symptoms should be:

  • present in at least two settings, such as home, and at school
  • onset before 12 years old
  • duration of at least six months.
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19
Q

Explain the six stages of change in Prochaska and Di Clemente’s transtheoretical model

A

Precontemplation-
Contemplation-
Preparation-
Action-
Maintenance-
Termination-

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20
Q

What is the difference in diagnosing ADHD in adults vs. children?

A

Children must have at least six symptoms of intention, and/or six symptoms of hyperactivity and pulse and impulsivity

For ages 17 and older must have at least five symptoms of an inattention and/or five symptoms of hyperactivity and impulsivity.

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21
Q

What was the CRAFT program designed for?

A

Individuals who refuse to seek treatment for their substance use problems. When using the intervention, the therapist works with concerned significant others (CSOs) who are family members or close friends of the individual who has the substance use problem.

22
Q

What are the three types of behavioral interventions used to treat paraphilia disorders?

A

-Orgasmic reconditioning
-covert sensitization
-aversion treatment

23
Q

List key aspects of the multisystems model.

A
  • Boyd-Franklin’s developed for AA families
  • Consists of 2 main Axes
  • Axis I: components of treatment (joining, assessing, restructuring)
  • Axis II: levels where treatment can be applied (individual, family, nonblood kin, friends, community).
24
Q

In family therapies, Minuchin distinguished between overly rigid and overly permeable boundaries. What terms were used for both types?

A

Disengagement for overly rigid boundaries and enmeshment for overly permeable boundaries.

25
Q

Name the different types of paradox techniques:

A

Position – the therapist exaggerates the client concern to help the client rationality

Prescribing– Involves instructing to engage in problematic behavior

Restraining- encouraging them to change too quickly

Ordeal- unpleasant task a family member is asked to perform if he does the undesirable Bx.

26
Q

Difference between bipolar I and bipolar II diagnosis

A

Bipolar I requires at least one manic episode that lasts at least one week. Bipolar II requires at least one major depressive episode or a loss of interest or pleasure plus other symptoms.

27
Q

What is the difference between conversion disorder and somatic symptom disorder?

A

Excessive worry and concern are not part of the diagnosis with conversion disorder, while they are the main part of the diagnosis with somatic symptom disorder.

28
Q

Diagnostic Criteria for Tourette’s disorder

A

Multi-motor tics, one-plus vocal tics that had onset prior to 18 years of age and have lasted more than one year. 

29
Q

What are the steps of stress inoculation training

A

The three steps are:
- conceptualization
- skill acquisition and rehearsal -application and follow through

30
Q

What are the two commonly used behavioral interventions for PE?

A

The *squeeze** and *start/stop technique**

31
Q

What is collaborative empiricism?

A

It’s described by Erin back and cognitive behavior therapy as the work that the therapist and client do together to identify treatment, Test, clients, beliefs, and arrive a plan to resolve the clients problems.

32
Q

What is the difference between the use of ECT and rTMS as treatments for major depressive disorder?

A

Both are evidence-based treatments for MDD, but ECT has been found to have a higher response and remission rates and is considered superior for patients with psychotic depression.

33
Q

Abramson, Matelski, and Alloy’s model of depression proposes that hopelessness is the result of what?

A

Stable and global attributions of negative life events.

34
Q

What are the three principles of Self- Control Therapy, what is the models’s objective and which childhood disorder is often used to treat

A

Self-monitoring, self-evaluation, and self-reinforcement help to ultimately help the child achieve self-regulation for children ADHD.

35
Q

Atkinson, Morton, and Sue’s racial, cultural identity development, model stages

A

C onformity -
D issonance
R esistance
I mmersion
I ntrospection
I ntegrative awareness.

36
Q

Crosses black racial identity development

A

PreEncounter absorbed Bettie, beliefs and values of the dominant white culture example of “white is right”
Encounter For fight event to acknowledge the impact of racism and one’s life
Immersion/emersion Desire to surround himself with visible symbols of one’s racial identity, and an active avoidance of symbols of whiteness
Internalization secure in one’s own sense of racial identity
Internalization commitment Found ways to translate one’s personal sense of blackness into a plan of action sustains overtime.

37
Q

Helms white racial identity model

A

C ontact- “colorblind”
D isintegration- Awareness, guilt and shame
R eintegration- “Blame the victim“
P seudo independence- Confront racism by using people of color to do so
I mmersion/emersion- genuine attempts made to embrace whiteness and the anti-racist.
**A utonomy ** - A positive connection between personal white racial identity and the active pursuit of social justice.

38
Q

Internal racism

A

Acceptance of negative messages about one’s own race or ethnic group accompanying by self evaluation behaviors, and a preference for beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors of members of the dominant culture.

39
Q

List the four economic evaluation methods researchers use to compare to interventions and the purpose of each method.

A

cost-consequences analysis -
cost-utility analysis -
cost-benefit analysis - is the money spent worth it?
cost-effectiveness analysis -

40
Q

List the 5 steps and Mike and Bob’s self instructional training and who was this model originally developed for?

A

Self instructional training was originally developed to help impulsive children develop greater self-control when completing tasks. The five steps are in order:

  1. Cognitive modeling
  2. Overt external guidance
  3. Overt self guidance
  4. Faded over self guidance
  5. Covert self-instruction
41
Q

Therapy model that combines Banduras self-efficacy theory, Rogers person- centered therapy, and the transtheoretical model:

A

Motivational interviewing

42
Q

What is the difference between a healthy, cultural paranoia and a functional paranoia?

A

Functional paranoia is an unhealthy psychological condition that involves suspicion and distrust as a result of a psychological condition.

Cultural paranoia involves suspicion and distrust as a result of experiences with racism.

43
Q

Name the differences between:

Client-centered
Consulted-centered
Program-centered
Administration-centered case consultation.

A

Client-centered- help the clinician work on a particular client
Consulted-centered- Help the clinician develop his/her skills and knowledge
Program-centered- works with a colleague to develop a tx. Program
Administration-centered- Works with a team of administrators to help them with certain aspects of their program that focuses on tx.

44
Q

Denial

A

Refusing to believe distressing aspects of reality.

45
Q

Projection

A

Involves making disturbing feelings and thoughts, less threatening by treating them to another person.

46
Q

Displacement

A

Involves shifting an unacceptable impulse from an Unacceptable target to more acceptable one.

47
Q

Reaction formation

A

Involves defending against an unacceptable impulse by expressing its opposite. (I’m Chris Hansen… or the dad in American Beauty.)

48
Q

detouring coalition

A

when the pair hold a third party responsible for their difficulties with one another, whereby decreasing the pair’s relational stress

49
Q

The process of analysis in psychoanalysis described by Greenson.

A

Confrontation
Clarification
Interpretation
Working through

50
Q

What is fixed role therapy and what therapy model is it associated with?

A

Fixed roll therapy is associated with Kelly’s personal construct therapy and involves having clients adopt roles that will let them “tryout” personal constructs that differ from their own.

51
Q

List techniques that are associated with Milan systemic family therapy.

A
  • Circular questions
  • Hypothesizing
  • Neutrality
  • Rituals
  • Paradoxical prescription
  • Positive connotation
  • Invariant prescription
52
Q

List four family therapy models that are specifically focused to treat children with behavioral problems and their families.

A
  1. Parent-Child interaction therapy (PCIT) for young children with conduct disorder and children at risk for physical or emotional abuse.
  2. Functional family therapy is for older children, adolescence with externalizing behavior, disorders or substance problems, high risk of delinquency.
  3. Family focused therapy is our family interventions for bipolar disorder.
  4. Problem-solving skills training is for older children and adolescence with disruptive behavior problems.

Jainie’s EPPP Questions (10 decks)

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