I/O Flashcards
Comparable Worth
The principal that workers performing different jobs that require the same skills and responsibilities, or that are of comparable value to the employer, should be paid the same and has been applied, primarily to the gender gap in wages.  Used to establish pay equity across different jobs that requires similar abilities, but have traditionally been performed by men or by women.
Primary emphasis on Total Quality Management (TQM)
- Continuous improvement
- Total employee involvement
- Customer satisfaction
- Data-driven decision making
Techniques implemented in TQM
- Quality Circles- small group meetings to discuss quality, productivity and solutions
- Benchmarking- Measuring product against competition
- Six sigma- Practices used to analyze defects, problem solve and project management.
What is the Taylor-Russell tables used for?
To obtain an estimate of a predictor’s incremental validity for various combinations of:
- criterion-related validity coefficients
- base rates
- selection ratios
What is the purpose of realistic job preview?
To reduce employee dissatisfaction and turnover.
Dawis and Lofquist’s theory of work adjustment
Divided into satisfaction and satisactoriness.
SATISFACTION refers to the EMPLOYEE’s satisfaction with the job and its ability to match employees needs and reinforcers provided by the job.
SATISFACTORINESS refers to the EMPLOYER’s satisfaction with the employee and how well the employee’s skills match the skill requirement of the job.
According to Janis, what elements should group leaders include in a meeting to reduce the risk of group think?
- Encourage members to express opinions
- Appointment a member to play devil’s advocate
- Remain neutral in the beginning of a discussion
- Bring in outside opinions
What’s the difference between job analysis and job evaluation?
JOB ANALYSIS is asking what the job is all about and includes KSAO’s and a PAQ in order to evaluate employee confidence.
JOB EVALUATION is asking what the job is worth. ($$$)
What are the two types of subjective measures?
Relative rating scales and absolute rating scales.
What is the difference between RELATIVE rating scales and ABSOLUTE rating scales?
RELATIVE RATING SCALES compare workers to each other, such as paired comparisons and forced distribution methods.
ABSOLUTE RATING SCALES evaluate employees ONLY and do not compare employees with each other by using critical incident techniques, graphic rating scale, and behavioral anchored rating scale (BARS.)
What’s the purpose of a utility analysis?
Utility analysis is used to obtain information on the monetary value (ROI) of a selection test, training program, or other employment practice.
What did the 1950s study in Ohio State determine about the distinctions of leaders behavior?
To leader behavior styles were identified:
- HIGH IN INITIATING STRUCTURE were task oriented and focus on performance goals
- HIGH IN CONSIDERATION were people oriented leaders and focused on fostering trust and respect of subordinates.
What was the focus of Taylor’s Scientific Management Model
The models focus was about maximizing, organizational efficiency and productivity. The time-and-motion studies were used when developing this model.
Two main type of integrity tests to use for selection decision making
Overt and personality based.
What is Simone’s bounded rationality model?
Rational decision-making is limited by individual and organization factors and as a result, decision-makers often satisfice ; i.e. they only consider alternatives acceptable only until a minimally acceptable alternative is found.
What is the ideal bureaucracy described by Weber?
An ideal bureaucracy is characterized by:
1. A division of labor.
2. Hierarchy of authority.
3. Clearly rules and procedures.
4. Impersonal relationships based on position
5. Selection of promotion decisions, based on an applicants or employees technical confidence.
Describe McGregor‘s theory Y
Describe Feidler’s contingency theory
Describe Katz and Kahn’s open system theory
