Clinical Blood

Question 1

Anaemia

Answer 1

Reduced hematocrit; reduction in hb conc. In blood; due to acute traumaa, chronic bleeding (PUD & Gastric Ulcer); Spherocytosis; G6PD deficiency; SCA; malaria; folic acid & B12 deficiency (defective DNA synthesis; thalassemia; iron deficiency

Question 2

Anisocytosis

Answer 2

RBC of unequal size; may be seen in anaemia & thalassemia

Question 3

Poikilocytes

Answer 3

Abnormally shaped RBC; Greater than 10% of total population

Question 4

Hereditary spherocytosis

Answer 4

RBC lose their biconcavity & become spherical in shape;

Question 5

Sickle Cell Anaemia

Answer 5

Glu(6)Val mutation; Autosplenectomy; vaso-occlusive crisis; hemolytic anaemia; Aggregation of deoxygenated HbS to form long filament like structures

Question 6

Beta-Thalassemia

Answer 6

Deficient synthesis of beta-chain; hypochromic microcytic anaemia; vertical trabeculae (hair on end); blood transfusion, iron chelation, marrow translplant; anisocytosis; poikilocytosis; hypochromic cells

Question 7

Polycythemia

Answer 7

high conc. RBC caused by dehydration; increase in red cell mass; neoplasm of myeloid stem cells; increased EPO due to renal hypoxia; high altitude; EPO secreting tumours