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Organ Histo: exam 1 > Clinical Considerations > Flashcards

Flashcards in Clinical Considerations Deck (17)
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1
Q

autoimmune skin disease causing large blistering lesions that burst, but DO heal; caused by antibodies binding to some proteins in HEMIDESMOSOMES

A

bullous pemphigoid

2
Q

autoimmune skin disease causing blistering that do NOT heal easily; excessive bleeding; can be fatal, caused by antibodies binding to some proteins in DESMOSOMES

A

pemphigus vulgaris

3
Q

acute bacterial infection of the SI; caused by toxins in the disrupt proteins in zonula occludes which permits the loss of water and electrolytes from CT below epithelium

A

cholera

4
Q

patchy skin lesions; accumulates in STRATUM CORNEUM

  • accelerated keratinocyte life cycle
  • inflammation in dermal papillae
  • cyclic and etiology is unknown
A

psoriasis vulgaris

5
Q

spots with extra pigment; especially in fair-skinned

-INCREASE in melanin without an increase in melanocyte numbers

A

freckles

6
Q

patches which LACK melanocytes
-unknown cause but often associated with systemic diseases (hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, diabetes, addison’s disease, pernicious, anemia, leprosy)

A

vitiligo

7
Q

discoloration due to a proliferation (increase) of melanocytes

A

moles (naevi)

8
Q

melanocytes become MITOTICALLY active and invade dermis

  • very invasive and metastatic
  • treatment: surgery and chemo
A

malignant melanoma

9
Q

caused by melanocytes failing to produce melanin

A

albinism

10
Q

tyrosinase (enzyme) is missing from melanocytes; catalyst in conversion of tyrosine to melanin

A

MC form of albinism

11
Q

group of genetic disorders caused by defective or reduced collagen; symptoms and security varies greatly
-unstable joints, hypermobile and easily dislocated
skin and blood vessels often affected

A

ehlers-danlos syndrome

12
Q

caused by vit C deficiency
-bruising, bleeding gums and mucus membranes; abnormally formed teeth and bones; sallow complexion, energy loss, arm, leg and joint pain, loose teeth, bad breath

A

scurvy

13
Q

hereditary condition of CT, bones, muscles, ligaments, skeletal structures

  • irregular and unsteady gate
  • tall, lean body type with long extremities
  • abnormal joint flexibility
  • aorta usually dilated and may become weakened, allowing aneurysm to develop
A

marfan’s syndrome

14
Q

effect of:

  • blood changes, increase in # of platelets and abnormal RBC’s
  • infection
  • liver takes up blood filtration
A

splenectomy

15
Q

caused by EBV in mucus and saliva

  • first replicates in nasopharyngeal epithelium
  • can spread to salivary glands, lymph nodes, then to liver, spleen B cells and blood
  • epithelial cells are primary source of new virus
  • b cells become infected as they circulate thru oropharynx initiate a cytotoxic T cell response, decrease B cell numbers
A

infectious mononucleosis (mono)

16
Q

existing adipocytes increase in size

A

adult onset obesity

17
Q

number of adipocytes can increase as well as size; have 3x more fat cells than normal cells

A

childhood obesity