clinical management of restrictive lung diseases

Question 1

what defines a restrictive lung disease

Answer 1

when forced vital capacity is less than 80%

Question 2

what does restriction cause the airways to do

Answer 2

get smaller

Question 3

Causes of restrictive lung diseases

Answer 3

lung- interstitial
pleura- pleural effusion, pneumothorax, thickening
skeletal- kyphoscholiosis, anhhylosing spondylitiis( large curvature, hunchback)
rib fractures
pregnancy
obesity
muscle weakness

Question 4

where do you find the intersitium

Answer 4

between alveolus and capillary

Question 5

what causes pulmonary fibrosis

Answer 5

being exposed to certain types of dust - including wood or metal dusts or asbestos. being exposed to allergens carried in the air - such as bird feathers or mould. a viral or bacterial infection. a side effect of a drug or treatment.

Question 6

Sarcoidosis

Answer 6

Multisystem granulomatous disease of unknown cause. Can result in red, raised painful lesions on skin or eyes
4 stages and each stage morbitlity increases

Question 7

idiopathic fibrosis

Answer 7

Honeycomb lung, big bundle of collagen, crackles on auscultation, finger clubbing, breathlessness and coughand can be very progressive. Many people who have this condition are too old for surgery

Question 8

hypersensitivity pneumonitis

Answer 8

Caused by birds, feather bedding, malting barley

Question 9

how do you treat different stages of sarcoidosis

Answer 9

stage 1- no treatment
stage 2- (joint stiffness and rash on skin) non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs
stage 3- rash in eyes or skin lesions- topical steroids
stage 4- Cardiac, neurological, eye disease not responding to topical Rx, hypercalcaemia (high calcium) - systemic steroids