Clinical psychology Flashcards
(37 cards)
What is Howard’s (1993) phase model of psychotherapy?
(1) Remoralization - focuses on the client’s subjectiver well-being and occurs durig the first few sessions
(2) Remediation - focuses on symptom reduction and generally occurs between the 5th and 15th sessions
(3) Rehabilitation - focuses on life functioning gains and occurs more gradually.
What is a tenet of interpersonal therapy when dealing with depression?
They believe that depression is caused and maintained by disturbances in early life, especially ATTACHMENT disturbances. Rather than focusing on the past, however, they focus on the connection between the presenting problem and the client’s current relationships, including the one with the therapist. Grief reactions are a common focus of interpersonal therapy.
What is the most basic defense mechanism?
Repression.
Describe the defense mechanism of repression.
It involves excluding an unacceptable impulse from consciousness.
Describe the defense mechanism of denial.
The person rejects a threatening fact that is true, even in the face of overwhelming evidence to support it. It is common in addiction, in which the people commonly deny the seriousness of the problem.
What is the healthiest defense mechanism?
Sublimation.
Describe the defense mechanism of sublimation.
When a person rechannels socially unacceptable impulses into socially useful activity, such as art or work. Gandhi was the master of sublimation.
Describe the defense mechanism of reaction formation.
One perceives an anxiety-provoking impulse or feeling as its opposite, such as by turning love into aggression, or a wish into a fear. Larry Craig, the politician who disparaged homosexuality and made a pass in the men’s bathroom, used this defense mechanism.
What is one of the major differences between Freud and Jung.
Jung believed in the collective unconscious, which includes memories of our cultural past, archetypes, and pre-human memories. Freud believed only in the individual unconscious.
What is another name for “depressogenic schemata”?
Cognitive distortions. These are from Beck’s theory.
What is Lewinsohn associated with?
Depressed individuals’ self-evaluations reflect an unbiased perception of reality and more accurately correspond with observer evaluations.
What is Seligman associated with?
The theory of learned helplessness.
Who is associated with learned helplessness?
Seligman
In therapy, who has more individual differences, younger patients or the elderly?
The elderly. This is particularly true in terms of physical abilities, intellectual abilities, and personal characteristics.
True or false: elderly people do not drop out of therapy prematurely.
True.
What is the function of self-disclosure in feminist therapy?
Creation of an egalitarian relationship.
What is projective identification?
A defense mechanism in which one or more parts of the self are falsely attributed to another, which are then unconsciously accepted by the recipient, and the projector then identifies with the projected part in the other.
What is parallel process?
Recreating the supervisee-client relationship in the supervisee-supervisor relationship through a combination of transference, countertransference, and projection.
What is introjection?
Absorbing the values or behaviors of others, including the larger society, without really understanding or assimilating those values or behaviors. It represents a disturbance in the boundary between self and others – the person does or believes things that are not reflective of a self that is clearly distinct from others in the environment.
What is diagnostic overshadowing?
The tendency to attribute all of a client’s emotional, behavioral, and social problems to one salient characteristic instead of considering other, alternative explanations.
According to recent research (as of 2014), which group responds best to psychotherapy?
Girls better than boys, with adolescent girls responding best
Girls better than boys, with younger girls responding best
Boys at all age levels
No differences in the effectiveness of treatment.
Girls better than boys, with adolescent girls responding best.
In psychodynamic theory, what is secondary gain?
The benefit a person obtains from a experience in conection with a mental health or physical problem (i.e. concern from family and friends).
In social learning theory, what is reinforcement?
It is concerned with the actions that support a specific behavior, e.g. it rewards the behavior.
In psychodynamic theory, what is assimilative integration?
An approach in which the therapist has a commitment to one theoretical approach but is also willing to use techniques from other therapeutic approaches.
