CML PT1

Question 1

Clonal hematopoietic disorders caused by genetic mutations that result in expansion, excessive production, and accumulation of mature rbc, plt, and granulocytes

Answer 1

Myeloproliferative neoplasms

Question 2

DNA mutation acquires causes DNA alterations

Answer 2

Full t ancestral stem cell

Question 3

mpn affects cells in

Answer 3

common myeloid progenitor

Question 4

responds strongly to growth signals

Answer 4

hypersensitivity

Question 5

growth factor of proliferation and differention of granulocytes and neutrophils

Answer 5

gcsf

Question 6

leukemia na di common ang accumulation of cells sa tissues

Answer 6

Aml

Question 7

leukemia na common ang accumulation sa spleen, liver, kidneys, lymph nodes, etc.

Answer 7

Cml

Question 8

notable characteristic mutations of mpn

Answer 8

cml - t(9;22)
pv - jak2v617f

Question 9

what is the affected cell line in cml

Answer 9

granulocytes

Question 10

what is the only bcr::abl1-positive mpns

Answer 10

chronic myeloid leukemia

Question 11

what are the bcr::abl1-negative mpns

Answer 11

essential thrombocytopenia
polycythemia vera
primary myelofibrosis

Question 12

cml is diagnose during what phase

Answer 12

chronic phase

Question 13

if cml is left untreated, what will happen

Answer 13

it will terminate acute leukemia (aml/all)

Question 14

this parameter in cml is apparent at scanning microscopy

Answer 14

leukocytosis

Question 15

sensitive and specific screening tool

Answer 15

basophilia

Question 16

what cells are notable in the bone marrow during the chronic phase

Answer 16

pseudo-gaucher cells
sea histiocytes

Question 17

during the chronic phase it is hypercellular, with the expansion of what pool

Answer 17

granulocytic pool

Question 18

what morphologic changes in cml is decreased

Answer 18

erythropoiesis

Question 19

morphologic changes that is common in myeloproliferative involvements than in aml

Answer 19

extramedullary tissue

Question 20

• enzyme found in the secondary granules of neutrophils
• diff malignant from non-malignant

Answer 20

Lap

Question 21

Cml lap score

Answer 21

Decreased

Question 22

Leukemoid reaction lap score

Answer 22

Increase

Question 23

Normal lap score

Answer 23

15-170

Question 24

Why is lap helpful in the differentiation of cml and leukemoid reaction

Answer 24

In terms of WBC count they are the same (increased). Leukemoid is a leukemia like reaction

Question 25

Cml pathophysiology

Answer 25

malignancy whereas leukemoid reaction is a physiologic response to severe infection

Question 26

reciprocal translocation between the long arms of chromosome 9 and 22

Answer 26

Philadelphia chromosome

Question 27

Codes for enhanced tyrosine kinase activity

Answer 27

bcr::abl1 gene

Question 28

principle of signal transduction

Answer 28

relays cells a message, and that message instructs the cell on what to do (grow, divide, stop dividing)

Question 29

- normal bcr codes for,, and what activity - regulation of cell growth

Answer 29

p160 serine and threonine kinase activity

Question 30

normal abl1 codes for,, and what activity

Answer 30

p125 normal tyrosine kinase activity

Question 31

transfer phosphate from ATP going to the tyrosine

Answer 31

normal tyrosine kinase activity

Question 32

addition of phosphate and activates series of signals that will instruct the cell to proliferate, grow, differentiate, adhere, survive, or stop

Answer 32

phosphorylation

Question 33

- formation of bcr::abl1 gene - codes for enhanced tyrosine kinase activity

Answer 33

Philadelphia chromosome

Question 34

- tells the cell to grow and divide even when there is no need - always turned-on - HYPERACTIVE ENZYME - hypersensitive; activate signal transduction

Answer 34

tyrosine kinase

Question 35

most preferred treatment in cml

Answer 35

bone marrow and stem cell transplantation

Question 36

first line of theraphy for those who does not qualify transplantation

Answer 36

synthetic tyrosine kinase inhibitor (imatinib mesylate)

Question 37

- targets bcr::abl1 protein - blocks the tyrosine kinase activity - reducing signal transduction activation

Answer 37

synthetic tyrosine kinase inhibitor