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Preventive And Social Medicine II > CN4 Scabies > Flashcards

CN4 Scabies Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

Serpiginous; linear track which is a few mm long and slightly black dot visible on one end

A

Burrow

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2
Q

Where are scabies burrows commonly located?

A

Fingers, palms, and around the wrist

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3
Q

What is the etiologic agent of scabies?

A

Mite Sarcoptes scabies var. hominis

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4
Q

How long are adult mites?

A

0.3-0.4mm long

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5
Q

Measures 0.4mm in length
Has four sets of legs

Has a hemispheric body mark by transverse corrugation,
brown spines and a vessel on the dorsal surface

A

Female adult mite

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6
Q

Life cycle of scabies

A

Mating –> gravid female burrow into the most superficial layer –> lays eggs 1-3/day –> larva hatches 3-5 days before leaving the burrow –> nymph molts in 4-6 mos –> mature in abt 2-3 wks

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7
Q

Especially in children

Chronic skin condition characterized by eczematous, itchy, honey crusted, scaled plaques

A

Atopic/Seborrheic dermatitis

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8
Q

Lichenification in flexural areas in children and adult

A

Atopic/Seborrheic dermatitis

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9
Q

Common afflictions in children characterized by persistent papules and are often excoriated and crusted accompanied by pruritus

A

Arthropod bites

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10
Q

Common afflictions in children characterized by persistent papules and are often excoriated and crusted accompanied by pruritus

A

Arthropod bites

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11
Q

Considered particularly in the crusted variety

A

Psoriasis

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12
Q

Common skin condition in which hair follicles become inflamed. It’s usually caused by a bacterial or fungal infection. At first it may look like small red bumps or white-headed pimples around hair follicles

A

Folliculitis

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13
Q

What does the first sign of infestation consists of?

A

• 1-2 mm red papules

- some are excoriated, crusted, or scaly

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14
Q

A latent period of how many months follows an initial infestation?

A

1 month

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15
Q

On reinfection, reaction to mic antigens are noted within how many hours?

A

1 hr

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16
Q

Intermittent that worsens after bathing or undressing and in bed at night

A

Severe pruritus

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17
Q

What are the classic lesion but may not be seen in infants?

A

Threadlike burrows

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18
Q

In ink burrow test a drop of what on a lesion should be placed

A

Mineral oil

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19
Q

When gently scraping away epidermis beneath it, what blade should you use?

A

No. 15 blade

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20
Q

Positive Ink burrow test

A

(+) mite, scybala (mite feces), or ova under LPO

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21
Q

Can the mite still be transmitted after 24 hours post-treatment?

A

Unlikely

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22
Q

What complications of untreated scabies may lead to?

A 
Eczematous dermatitis
Impetigo ecthyma
Folliculitis
Furunculosis
Cellulitis
Lymphangitis
Id reaction/autoeczematization
Streptococcal glomerulonephritis
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23
Q

Drugs that are used against parasites in human beings

A

Pediculocides and miticides

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24
Q

What is the best known anti ectoparasitic medication?

Study These Flashcards
A

Lindane (Gamma benzene hexachloride; Kwell; Scabene)

25
The mixture lindane is applied in a thin layer over the entire cotton surface (from the neck down 30 grams cream for an adult) and is not removed for how many hours?
8-12 hrs
26
Why can't lindane be used for pregnant, nursing women, and infants?
Neurotoxic effect (rare)
27
What is slightly more effective scabicide than lindane but is more expensive?
Permethrin 5% cream (Acticin; Elimite)
28
What is a better alternative for infants?
Permethrin 5% cream (Acticin; Elimite)
29
What is poorly absorbed, rapidly metabolized by tissue esterases therefore very low toxicity?
Permethrin 5% cream (Acticin; Elimite)
30
What is an alternative therapy for infants younger than two months, pregnant and nursing women?
6-10% Precipitated Sulfur
31
What is applied nightly for three nights from neck to toes?
6-10% Precipitated Sulfur
32
Messy, malodorous, stains clothing and commonly causes irritant dermatitis
6-10% Precipitated Sulfur
33
What is not recommended because of lack of efficiency but it is available for topical application 10% cream?
Crotamiton (N-ethyl-o-croronotoluidide; Eurax)
34
This is applied five successive nights and washed of 24 hours after last use Paradoxically the preparation also has anti pruritic properties
Crotamiton (N-ethyl-o-croronotoluidide; Eurax)
35
Untoward effects include occasional irritation especially on inflamed skin or when applied over a long period of time; can also cause sensitization
Crotamiton (N-ethyl-o-croronotoluidide; Eurax)
36
Untoward effects include occasional irritation especially on inflamed skin or when applied over a long period of time; can also cause sensitization
Crotamiton (N-ethyl-o-croronotoluidide; Eurax)
37
What is used in dermatology to treat pruritus?
Oral antihistamines
38
In oral antihistamine what does not cause edition and are as effective as the older h1 blockers?
Newer h1 receptor blockers (second generation)
39
What are highly selective h1 receptors that are Piperidines (prototype: Terfenadine) H1 antagonists of this class (2nd generation) include
Terfenadine (Seldane) Astemizole (Hismanal) Loratidine (Claritin)
40
What does the drug do to your body AKA pharmacodynamics? Pipedrines
H1 antagonists suppress the itchiness caused by the release of histamine
41
What does the body do to the drug AKA pharmacokinetics? Pipedrines
* rapidly absorbed from the GI tract and metabolized in the liver to active metabolized by hepatic microsomal P450 system * peak plasma concentration achieved in 2-3 hours * effects lasts 4-6 hrs * cannot cross the BBB
42
What are the untoward effects of piperidines?
* CNS: dizziness, tinnitus, lassitude, fatigue, incoordination, blurred vision, diplopia, euphoria, nervousness, tremors, and insomnia * GI tract: loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, and constipation or diarrhea
43
What is an active metabolite of hydroxyzine and acrivastine?
Piperazine (Cetirizine hydrochloride)
44
What is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract but primarily excreted renal e in the unmetabolized form?
Piperazine (Cetirizine hydrochloride)
45
What may alleviate pruritus dt hypersensitivity to mite antigens which may persist for a number of days?
Topical glucocorticoids
46
What may be used to relieve pain and itching due to insect bites, minor cuts and burns, and to resolve rashes due to an allergy?
Topical antihistamines
47
Scabies causes a diffuse, pruritic eruption after an incubation pd of how many weeks?
4-6 weeks
48
pearl-like, translucent, white, eyeless, and oval in shape with four pairs of short stubby legs. The adult female mite is 0.4 × 0.3 mm with the male being slightly smaller—just slightly too small to be seen by the naked eye
scabies
49
The scabies mite is able to live for __ days away from the host in a sterile test tube, and for __ days if placed in mineral oil mounts.
3 days away fr host; 7 days in mineral oil mounts
50
What is the definitice diagnosis of scabies?
microscopic identi"cation of the scabies mites, eggs, or fecal pellets (scybala)
51
Pathognomonic lesion
Burrow
52
DDx of Scabies
Most Likely Atopic dermatitis Dyshidrotic eczema Pyoderma Contact dermatitis Insect bite reaction Consider Dermatitis herpetiformis Psoriasis Bullous pemphigoid Drug eruption Systemic causes of pruritus Delusions of parasitosis
53
scabies infestation can also trigger
bullous pemphigoid
54
Oral antihistamines
- Piperadine (Terfenadine, Astemizole, Loratidine) Terfe & Astemizole not recommended bcs potentially fatal - alternative: Fexofonadine - Piperazine
55
Erythematous, scaling, papules and plaques
Psoriasis
56
Marked thickening, NONpurritic and crusting of the skin
?????
57
Folliculitis etiology
S. aureus
58
Etiology of Seborrheic dematitis
Malassezia furfur
59
Well-demarcated red plaques w white scaly surfaces and bleeding points localized on elbows and knees
Psoriasis

Preventive And Social Medicine II (32 decks)

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