CNA Exam Flashcards
(218 cards)
1
Q
Your feelings about death?
A
Affect the care you give
2
Q
Which age thinks death is final?
A
6-11/teenagers
3
Q
Which age thinks death is temporary?
A
2-6 years
4
Q
Which age thinks death is a punishment for being bad?
A
2-6 years
5
Q
A resident is dying, what do you anticipate in the care plan?
A
Change linens/gowns as needed
6
Q
Person is incontinent in urine/feces, what care do they need?
A
Perineal Care as needed
7
Q
A person is dying, promote comfort by?
A
Position person in good alignment
8
Q
Hospice care focuses on?
A
Pain relief and comfort
9
Q
Signs that death is near?
A
Pulse is fast/weak, loss of muscle tone
10
Q
Signs of death?
A
No reparations, no pulse
11
Q
WHo calls time of death?
A
Doctor
12
Q
Body produces sounds during post mortem care:
A
this is normal and expected
13
Q
Vietnam prefers death to be where?
A
At home
14
Q
Chinese donation of body parts is encouraged?
A
True
15
Q
Patient dies, autopsy is done, post mortem care is not done?
A
True
16
Q
Terminal Illness is?
A
an illness or injury from which the person will not likely recover
17
Q
Palliative Care is?
A
relieving or reducing the intensity of uncomfortable symptoms
18
Q
Stages of grief?
A
- Denial
- Anger
- Bargaining
- Depression
- Acceptance
19
Q
Comfort needs:
A
listening, touch, religious leader, privacy
20
Q
Rigor Mortis
A
is the stiffness of skeletal muscles after death
21
Q
What is the last sense to go when death is near?
A
Hearing
22
Q
Rehabilitation
A
is the process of restoring the person to his or her highest possible level of physical, psych, social.
23
Q
Restorative Nursing Care
A
care that helps regain health, strength, independence, highest level of function
24
Q
Restorative aid
A
nursing assistant with special training
25
Prosthesis
an artificial replacement for a missing body part
26
Focus of rehabilitation?
preventing further loss of function
27
What is stressed during rehabilitation?
What the person can do
28
Rehabilitation takes longer for?
Older persons
29
What prevents contraction/pressure injuries?
good skin care
30
To better direct or guide a person
practice what the person has to do
31
Who has access to the persons home?
The rehabilitation team
32
Deconditioning
is the loss of muscle strength from inactivity
33
Strict Bedrest is
everything is done for the person
34
A contractive
is the lack of joint mobility caused by abnormal shortening
35
Orthostatic Hypotension
abnormally low blood pressure when the person suddenly stands up
36
Another word for Syncope
Fainting
37
Bed boards
placed under the mattress to prevent it from sagging
38
Foot Boards
prevent plantar flexion that can lead to footdrop
39
Plantar flexion
the foot is bent
40
Trochanter roll does what?
prevents the hips and legs from turning outward
41
Hip abduction wedge?
keeps the hips abducted, placed between the legs
42
Handroll or hand grip
prevents contractures of the thumb, fingers, wrist
43
Bed cradle
keeps the weight of top linen off the feet and toes
44
Range of Motion
involve moving joints through complete ROM activities 2 times a day
45
A walker should be positioned
6-8 inches in front of the feet if wheeled
46
When using a crane..
the feet DO NOT move first
47
A trapeze is used to?
Strengthen arm muscles
48
Pronation
is turning the joint downward
49
A cane is held on what side?
the strong side
50
Ambulating a person
a gait belt is used if weak/unsteady
51
How people cope with aging depends on what?
Finances
52
Older Persons
have frequent contact with their children
53
During aging, psycho/social changes occur
True
54
55
Changes in the nervous system
nerve cells are lost
result in slowed responses
56
Changes in the ear occur with aging
high pitched sounds are hard to hear `
57
Causes of poor circulation
narrowed arteries
58
Chewing difficulties avoid what?
high-fiber diet
59
Brown spots on the skin
common on the wrists/hands
60
skin disorders
increase with age
61
Autism
is a brain disorder with no cure
62
Spina Bifiola
defect of the spinal column, vertabrae does not form properly
63
Oculla
vertebrae is closed, normal, dimple tuft hair on the back
64
Cystica
spinal column pouch or sac
65
Meningocele
does not contain nerve tissue
66
Myelomenigocele
contains nerves, spinal cord, meninges
67
Hydrocephalus
fluid collects in and around the brain, a shunt is placed
68
Development Disability
disability before 22 years of age
69
Intellectual Disabilities
involves severe limits in intellectual function and adaptive behavior
70
Down Syndrome
common genetic cause of mild to moderate intellectual disabilities
71
Fragile X syndrome
most common form of inherited intellectual disabilities
72
Cerebral Palsy
group of disorders involving muscle weakness or poor muscle control
73
Hemiplegia
arm/leg on one side is paralyzed
74
Diplegia
on both sides of the body are paralyzed
75
Quadriplegia
both arms and legs, trunk, neck muscles paralyzed
76
Acute confusion
occur suddenly includes infection, drugs, illness, and surgery
77
Dementia
the loss of cognitive function that interferes with routine personal, social, and occupational activities
78
Pseudo dementia
false dementia, has signs, no changes in brain
79
Delirium
state of sudden, severe confusion, rapid changes in brain
80
Alzheimer's disease
brain disease, nerve cells damaged
81
3 terms
mild, moderate, and severe
82
the legally blind person sees
less than 20 feet
83
the normal person sees
less than 200 feet
84
Braile
is a touch vending/writing system that uses raised dots for each letter of the alphabet
85
AMD
women and white people are at greater risks
86
Otitis media
is the infection of the middle ear
87
Acute
short term
88
Chronic
long term
89
Ossicles
three bones in the ear
90
Menieres Disease
involves the inner ear
91
Vertigo
dizziness, hearing loss, pain
92
Hearing Aids
make sounds louder they DO NOT correct, restore, or cure speech
93
Dysarthia
difficult or poor speech
94
Aphasia
loss of the ability to understand or express speech
95
Expressive apahasia
brocas, difficulty expressing/sending out
96
Receptive Aphasia
wernickes, difficulty understanding language
97
Cataract
clouding of the lens Blue/Purple hard to see
98
Glaucoma
damage to the optic nerve, side vision is lost
99
Diabetic retinopathy
tiny blood vessels in the retina damaged usually both eyes
100
Age related macular degenernation AMD
blurs central vision
101
Cystitis
is a bladder infection caused by bacteria
102
Oliguria
scant amount of urine
103
Hematuria
blood in urine
104
Dysuria
difficult or painful urniation
105
Pyuria
pus in urine
106
Pyelonephritis
inflammation of the kidney pelvis
107
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia BPH
the prostate enlarges
108
Urinary diversion
a surgically created pathway for urine to leave
109
a urostomy
surgically created opening between the ureter and the abdomen
110
TURP Transurethral resection of the prostate
surgical procedure
111
Hemodialysis
removes waste by filtering through artificial kidney
112
Dialysis
the process of removing waste products from blood
113
Pertioneldialysis
uses the lining of the abdomen activity
114
STD
spread by oral, vaginal, anal sex
115
Cirrhosis
liver condition caused by damage, scar tissue, blocks blood flow through the liver
116
Endoctrine System
made up of glands; hormones in the bloodstream
117
Gestational diabetes
develops pregnancy, goes away after baby born but mother is at risks
118
Hypoglycemia
low blood sugar
119
Hyperglycemia
high blood sugar
120
Person with diverticulosis disease you assist with
promoting bowel elimination
121
If vomitus looks like coffee grounds that signals what?
bleeding
122
If a person has gastro-esophageal reflux disease
position in the supine position after meals
123
Gallbladder attack usually occurs
suddenly after eating
124
Hepatitis is inflammation of the
liver
125
food water contaminated with feces from an infected person is
hepatitis A
126
sign of diabetes is
hunger
127
a person with diabetes needs
good foot care
128
vomiting after meals is a risk for someone with diabetes of
hyperglycemia high blood sugar
129
Chyme
food that is mixed up and churned with gastric juices to form a semi-liquid substance
130
Duodenum
the 1st part of the small intestine
131
Bile
a greenish liquid made in the liver, stored in the gallbladder
132
Peristalsis
moves chyme through 2 other parts of the small intestine
133
esophageal reflux disease
stomach contents flow up into the esophagus
134
Esophagitis
inflammation of the esophagus
135
Heartburn
is a burning sensation in the chest or throat
136
Diverticulosis
condition of having pouches bulge outward from colon wall
137
Risk factors of diverticulosis
aging, obesity, smoking, some drugs
138
Diverticulitis
inflamed
139
Chrons disease
lining of large intestine small, both inflamed
140
Ulcerative disease
large intestine of rectum inflamed/ulcers
141
Gallstones
the bile hardens into stone like pieces, bile flow is blocked
142
Jaundice
yellowish color of the skin or whites of the eyes
143
Hepa D
live/sex with infected person with B
144
Hepa E
international travelers E outbreaks common
145
Hepa C
injection, infants, health care wounds, blood infected
146
Hepa B
blood and body fluids
147
the epidermis
the outer layer living and dead cells
148
the dermis
the inner layer connective tissue and blood vessels
149
Shingles
caused by same virus that caused chicken pox
150
Lung cancer is more common in children than adults
FALSE
151
an autoimmune disorder, the persons body attacks its own cell tissues and organs
TRUE
152
With shingles, a painful rash covers the body
FALSE
153
general sign of cancer
feeling very tired
154
Celiacs disease is a
autoimmune disorder
155
what is a acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is caused by
HIV
156
when caring for someone with HIV
prevent pressure injuries
157
risk factor for diverticulosis
obesity
158
complication of IBD
colon cancer
159
when providing care to person with cirrhosis
follow fluid restriction
160
signs of diabetes
tingling loss in feet
Hypo; cold, clammy skin
Hyper; eating too much food
161
Celiacs disease causes the thyroid gland to produce excess thyroid hormone
false
162
Benign Tumors
do not spread to other body parts
163
Malignant Tumors
invade and destroy nearby tissue other body parts
164
Metastasis
is the spead of cancer to othe rbody parts
165
signs of cancer
weight loss, fever, fatigue, pain
166
Larynx
hoarse voice, sore throat, lump in neck, trouble swallowing
167
Ethics
knowledge of what is right or wrong conduct
168
Code of ethics
has rules, standard of conduct, for groups to follow
169
Professional Boundaries
separate helpful behaviors from behaviors that are not helpful
170
Boundary Crossing
over involved with the person
170
171
Boundary Violation
act of behavior that meets your needs not the patients needed
172
Criminal Laws
offenses against public/society
173
Civil Laws
concerned with relationships between people
174
A tort
a wrong committed against a person or their property
175
False Imprisionment
the unlawful restraint of a persons movement
176
MalPractice
negligence by a professional person
177
Defamation
injuring a persons name/reputation by false statements
178
Libel
false statements in print, writing, pictures
179
Slander
false statements by spoken word, sounds, gestures
180
Fraud
saying something to trick a person
181
Assault
attempting to threaten a persons body without consent
182
Battery
touching the person without consent
183
Consent
people under the age of 18 cannot give consent
184
Vulnerable Adults
18 or older who have disabilities who are at risk for injury
185
IPV Intimate Partner Violence
one person has control of the other harm from partner
186
On your day off you call to check on a patient this is
a boundary sign
187
you help a friend with hospital care this is
boundary crossing
188
what is an example of a crime
abuse
189
you scold an older person for not eating this is
verbal abuse
190
you leave home care before finishing assignments this is
abandonment
191
older person has black eye, bruises, and bite marks this is
physical abuse
192
Leukemia
a cancer of the blood and bone marrow
193
Radiation Therapy
radio therapy kills cancer cells can destroy shrink or control
194
Skin damages from cancer
itching, dryness, swelling, redness, blistering
195
Stomatitis
an inflammation of the mouth, may occur when given chemo
196
Hormone Therapy
involves blocking or removing hormone sources from the body
197
Biological Therapy
immunotherapy helps immune system fight cancer
198
Stem cell transplant
a stem is a cell from which new cell types develop
199
Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM):
standard cancer treatment
200
a person cannot tolerate given, causes damage to small intestines
Celiacs Disease
201
when the thyroid gland produces excess amount of thyroid hormone
Graves disease
202
Celiac
abnormal bloating, pain, diarrhea, constipation, and weight loss
203
Graves
anxiety, problems sleeping, sweating, shakey hands
204
Hashimotos disease
thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid gland
205
Lupus
damages joints, skin, kidneys, hearts, and lungs
206
HIV
spread by blood, semen, vaginal fluids
207
When respiratory changes occur
person is turned often if on bedrest
208
avoid dry foods because
decrease in salivia
209
digestive systems should eat
protein foods
210
changes in urinary system
fluids are needed for kidney function
211
Older person is increased fluid intake
give most fluids before 5pm
212
Most older people are in
a family setting
213
A quality nursing center is
medicare/medicaid certified
214
Reduced blood flow to the brain aging results in
increased forgetfulness
215
Glaucoma fluids build up in which part of the eye
optic nerve
216
what affects body temp
loss of fatty tissue
217
Presbyopia
older persons become farsighted
