Cncer - Causes, Synotoms & Treatment

Question 1

Name 3 causes of cancer

Answer 1

Genetic abnormalities
Carcinogens
Natural factors
Viruses

Question 2

How does smoking cause cancer

Answer 2

Direct action on the lungs = chromium & aromatic hydrocarbons damage cellular DNA, arsenic & nickel prevent DNA repair

Systemic effects = reduces immune system response to damaged cells

Question 3

What goes of cancer does alcohol lead to

Answer 3

Breast, lung & bowel

Question 4

Risk factors of UV rays

Answer 4

Fair skin, blond/red hair, freckles & moles & holidays

Question 5

Initiating factors of UV rays

Answer 5

UVA = ageing of skin
UVB = causes sunburn which damages DNA to skin cells

Question 6

Symptoms of prostate cancer

Answer 6

Frequent passing urine
Getting up at night
Difficulties passing urine
Urgency
Leaking
Blood in urine
Raised PSA

Question 7

Symptoms of lung cancer

Answer 7

Persistent cough longer then 3 weeks
Change in long term cough
sob
Flood in sputum
Chest pain
Loss of a pities
Fatigue
Loss of weight

Question 8

Name the 3 types of lung cancer

Answer 8

Small cell
Non-small cell
Pancoast& mesothelioma

Question 9

Bowel cancer symptoms

Answer 9

Rectum bleeding
Blood in faeces
Changes in bowel habits
Pain in abdomen or rectum
Loss of weight
Fatigue
SOB
Bowel obstruction

Question 10

Symptoms of melanoma

Answer 10

Asymmetry
Border
Colour
Diameter
Elevation