CNOR D6 Emergency Identification and Management Flashcards
(17 cards)
What is malignant hyperthermia (MH)?
A biochemical chain reaction response triggered by commonly used general anesthetics and succinylcholine.
What are early signs and symptoms of malignant hyperthermia?
- Jaw tightening
- Increased CO2
- Hypermetabolic state
- Muscle rigidity
- Increased heart rate
- Increased blood pressure
- Metabolic acidosis
What is the initial treatment for malignant hyperthermia?
Hyperventilate 100% O2 @ 10L/minute
What are the unsafe anesthetic triggers for malignant hyperthermia?
- Desflurane
- Enflurane
- Ether
- Halothane
- Isoflurane
- Methoxyflurane
- Sevoflurane
- Succinylcholine
What is the initial dose of Dantrium for treating malignant hyperthermia?
2.5 mg/kg
What is anaphylaxis?
An acute allergic reaction causing the release of histamine into the bloodstream.
What are immediate reactions of anaphylaxis?
- Edema
- Wheezing
- Cyanosis
- Difficulty breathing
What should be done within 3 minutes of anaphylaxis onset?
Identify the item causing the anaphylactic response, if known.
What are the signs and symptoms of hemorrhage?
- Hypotension
- Pale/cyanotic
- Moist skin
- Oliguria
- Tachycardia
- Restlessness
- Thirst
What should be included in the estimated blood loss (EBL)?
Drapes, floor, suction canister, sponges visible, and weighing sponges.
What is the visual estimation of blood loss for Raytec sponges?
3-12 ml
What is the role of anesthesia during an emergency situation?
Manage patient airway and provide direction on shutting off medical gases.
What is the recommended action for a nurse identifying a bag of PRBCs if anesthesia is busy during a transfusion?
Check the blood with another licensed individual.
What should be monitored in a patient experiencing malignant hyperthermia?
- Blood gases
- Core temperature
- Urine output
Fill in the blank:
The initial dose of Ryanodex for treating malignant hyperthermia is ______ mg/kg.
2.5
What is the significance of cooling in the treatment of malignant hyperthermia?
To reduce core temperature to < 38 degrees Celsius.
What environmental hazards should healthcare teams be prepared for?
- Natural disasters
- Terrorism
- Fire
