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CNS Flashcards

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1
Q

Drugs c/ i in myotonic seizures

A

Phenytoin and carbamazepine

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2
Q

Minimum duration of theory of seizures

A

2 years

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3
Q

, min Duration of therapy of seizure is 2 years except in

A

JME(MS) and stroke induced seizure. - lifelong therapy

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4
Q

Valproate blocks which enzyme?

A

Histone deacetylase

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5
Q

Lennox gastaut syndrome

A

Valproate [ mixed seizure syndrome]

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6
Q

Dravet syndrome

A

Valproate

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7
Q

Rapid cyclers (bipolar disorder)

A

Valproate

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8
Q

Rheumatic chorea

A

Valproate

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9
Q

Most teratogenic drug in CNS

A

Valproate

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10
Q

S/e valproate

A

Alopecia, liver toxicity, hyperammoremia, pancreatitis, obesity, rash, tremor, teratogenic

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11
Q

Purple glove syndrome is seen with

A

Phenytoin

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12
Q

Signs of acute toxicity of antiepileptics / requirement for dose adjustment

A

Diplopia, ataxia, nystagmus

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13
Q

Anemia in phenytoin & cause?

A

Megaloblastic, folic acid def.

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14
Q

Side effects of phenytoin

A

Hydantoin - mnemonic
Hyperplasia of sums, hirsutism, hyperglycemic, lymphadenopathy, diplopia, ataxia, nystagmus, hypocalcemia, teratogenic, osteomalacia, induce VIT k metabolism , neutropenia

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15
Q

Basic diff between carbamazepine & newer congeners of it?

A

↓ hypersensitivity,↑ hyponatremia

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16
Q

Aplastic anemia is caused by

A

Carbamazepine

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17
Q

Agranulaytosis is s/e of which anti epileptic

A

Carbamazepine

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18
Q

Lamotrigine does not have action on

A

GABA

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19
Q

Valproate has no action on which neurotransmitter

A

Glutamate receptors

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20
Q

Mechanism of action of topiramate

A

Na+ blocker
K+ opener
CA #
# glutamate receptor

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21
Q

Antiepileptic of choice in prophylaxis of migraine

A

Topiramate

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22
Q

Atypical uses of topiramate

A

Bipolar disorder, migraine, prophylaxis alcohol dependence, Obesity

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23
Q

BZD antagonist

A

Flumazenil

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24
Q

GABA antagonist

A

Bicuculine

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25
Name Z compounds
Zolpidem Zopiclone Eszopiclone Zaleplon
26
Safest class of BZD in elderly
Class 3
27
Drugs in Class 1 BZD
Diazepam Clorazepate Chlordiepoxide Quazepam Flurazepam
28
Class 2 BZD
Triazolam Midazolam
29
Class 3 BZD
Lorazepam Temazepam Oxazepam Estazolam
30
BZD causing nightmares
Flurazepam
31
BZD used in muscle relaxation
Diazepam
32
Benzodiazepine preferred in alcohol dependence
Chlordiazepoxide
33
Benzodiazepine preferred in alcohol dependence with seizures
Diazepam
34
Benzodiazepine of abuse
Flunitrazepam
35
Date rape drug
Flunitrazepam
36
Tasteless, benzodiazepine
Flunitrazepam
37
Anterograde amnesia is caused by which class of drugs
Benzodiazepines
38
Which track class has both GABA mimetic and facilitator effect
Barbiturate
39
Reason for ultra short acting barbiturates
High lipid solubility causing redistribution
40
Acute intermittent porphyria is a side-effect of which class of sedatives
Barbiturate
41
Drug used in treatment of paradoxical seizures
Chloral hydrate
42
Prodrug of meprobamate
Carisprodol
43
Dysphoria is Seen due to which opioid receptor
Kappa
44
Name endogenous opioids, and which receptor they are most potent on
Enkephalin delta Endorphin meu Dynorphin kappa
45
How many times is fentanyl more potent than morphine?
100
46
Most potent opioid
Sufentanil
47
Opioid with maximum plasma protein binding
Sufentanil
48
Shortest and fastest acting opioid
Remifentanil
49
Remifentanil is metabolised by
Plasmaesterase
50
Which drug inhibits reuptake of 5HT or norepinephrine?
Tramadol/ Tapentadol
51
Which opioid should not be used in Mi
Pentazocine
52
What is the difference between pentazocine and buprenorphine?
Pentazocine is partial agonist at mu receptor and full agonist at Kappa Buprenorphine is partial agonist at mu and antagonist at kappa
53
Which drug is partial agonist at mu receptor?
Buprenorphine
54
Withdrawal symptoms of opioid addiction
WITHDRAWAL (replace W with M) mydriasis, increase yawning, hyperthermia, hyperventilation, diarrhoea, Rhinorrhea, anxiety, myalgia lacrimation
55
Drugs used to decrease withdrawal symptoms in opioid addiction
Methadone Buprenorphine
56
Drug used to prevent relapse in opioid addiction
Naltrexone
57
Which drugs decrease suicidal tendencies?
Lithium Clozapine ECT also
58
Drugs in ADHD
Atomoxetine, Viloxazine Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
59
Resistant OCD is treated by
Clomipramine
60
Drug used in nocturnal enuresis
Imipramine
61
SNRI with withdrawal symptoms
Venlafaxine
62
SSRI with no withdrawal symptoms
Fluoxetine Due to longest acting
63
Most common delayed side effect of SSRI
Erectile dysfunction
64
Most common side effect of SSRI
Nausea and vomitting
65
NASSA drugs block which receptors?
Noradrenergic specific serotonergic antidepressant drugs) block 5HT2 and alpha2 receptors
66
Anti epileptic used in fibromyalgia
Pregabalin
67
Opioid available as intranasal formulation
Butorphanol
68
Name mixed antagonists of opioid receptors
Pentazocine Butorphanol Buprenorphine Nalbuphine Nalorphine
69
Most toxic antipsychotic
Clozapine
70
Atypical antipsychotic causing agranulocytosis
Clozapine
71
Most effective antipsychotic
Clozapine
72
Antipsychotic causing cataract
Quetiapine
73
Minimum D2 block antipsychotic
Clozapine
74
Maximum D2 block antipsychotic
Risperidone/ Iloperidone
75
QT prolongation max and min by which antipsychotics
Max - Ziprasidone Min - Sertindole
76
Antipsychotic which is partial agonist at D2 and 5HT1A Receptors?
Aripiprazole and Bexpiprazole
77
D2 receptor agonism causes effect on which hormone?
Prolactin - hypoprolactinemia
78
Only antipsychotic with no action on D2
Pimavanserin
79
Weight neutral antipsychotics
Aripiprazole Cariprazine Ziprasidone
80
Most common eps
Akathisia
81
Earliest EPS
Acute dystonia
82
Most late EPS
Tardive dyskinesia
83
Cause of Tardive dyskinesia
Up regulation of D2 receptors
84
Most lethal EPS
NMS - neuroleptic malignant syndrome
85
Class of drug which increases bioavailability of levodopa
COMT inhibitors
86
Which vitamin is contraindicated with administration of levodopa
B6
87
Drug available as transcranial patch
Rotigotine

Pharmacology (8 decks)

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