CNS Part 4 Flashcards
(14 cards)
What is the mechanism of action of buspirone?
The mechanism of action of buspirone is unknown, but it is known that buspirone has a high affinity for serotonin 5-HT1Aand 5-HT2receptors, without affecting benzodiazepine-GABA receptors.
What are the adverse effects associated with buspirone?
Adverse effects associated with buspirone are rare; the most commonly reported is dizziness. In less than 10% of patients, buspirone may cause CNS symptoms such as drowsiness, HA, confusion, and excitement
How might food effect the absorption of Buspirone?
Food may decrease the absorption of buspirone, but it may also decrease the first-pass metabolism, thereby increasing the bioavailability of buspirone.
What is the mechanism of action of gabapentin?
Its exact mechanism of action is unknown. Research has shown gabapentin to increase total blood levels of serotonin in healthy control subjects.
Adverse effects of Gabapentine are?
Adverse effects are similar to pregabalin, but less common, and include dizziness, drowsiness/fatigue, peripheral edema, weight gain, constipation, and URI symptoms.
What patients should you use in caution to Gabapentin prescribe to?
use with caution in patients with a history of substance abuse including alcohol, benzodiazepines, cannabis, cocaine, and opioids as potential for drug dependency exists.
What is teh mechanism of action of pregabalin?
It’s mechanism of action is unknown, but it does bind to the alpha-w-delta subunit of the voltage-gated calcium channels and inhibits the release of neurotransmitters
How does food effect the absorption of pregabalin?
The absorption of pregabalin is decreased when administered while fasting; therefore, it should be taken with food to improve bioavailability
What are the most bothersome adverse effects of pregabalin?
The most bothersome adverse effects include weight gain, peripheral edema, dizziness, drowsiness, and headache.
What are the four categories of medications that have been approved for the treatment of insomnia?
the benzodiazepine receptor agonists (BZRAs), the melatonin receptor agonists, the dual orexin receptor antagonists, and the histamine receptor antagonists
Which drug does not have rebound insomnia or hangover effects?
Zaleplon
What is the indication of the BZRAs Zaleplon and Zolpidem?
Short-term treatment of insomnia characterized by difficulty with sleep initiation
How should BZRAs be taken?
may be taken in the middle of the night for sleep maintenance insomnia with the requirements that at least 4 hours be available to sleep after administration to avoid hangover effects
What BZRA is the most effective for both sleep onset insomnia and sleep maintenance insomnia?
Eszopiclone
