Random CNS Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is the dopamine precursor antiparkinsons drug?
Levodopa/Carbidopa
What are the dopamine agonist antiparkinson drugs?
Pramipexole
Ropinirole
What are the MAO-B inhibitor antiparkinson drugs?
Selegiline
Rasagiline
What are the uses of levodopa/Carbidopa?
Most effective treatment for Parkinson’s disease; helps manage motor symptoms like tremor, bradykinesia, and rigidity
What are the side effects of levodopa/carbidopa?
N/V
Orthostatic hypotension
Dyskinesias
Hallucinations
What are the considerations of levodopa/carbidopa?
levodopa is often combined with carbidopa to prevent its breakdown before reaching the brain. Long term use can lead to motor fluctuations and dyskinesias
What are the uses of Pramipexole and Ropinirole (dopamine agonists)?
Used to manage motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease, often in early stages or as an adjunct to levodopa
Parkinson’s disease and restless leg syndrome
What are the side effects of Pramipexole and Ropinirole (dopamine agonists)?
Nausea
Somnolence
Impulse control disorders
Hallucinations
Dizziness
Fatigue
Confusion
Hypotension
What are the considerations of Pramipexole and Ropinirole (dopamine agonists)?
Can be used in younger patients to delay Levodopa initiation. Monitor for impulse control behaviors and somnolence. Patients should be advised about potential sudden sleep attacks
Same as pramipexole; also, may cause sleep attacks or sudden onset of sleep, so caution should be taken with driving or operating machinery
What are the uses of the MAO-B Inhibitors Selegiline and Rasagiline?
Adjunct to Levodopa in the management of Parkinson’s disease symptoms
Used in early Parkinson’s disease as monotherapy or as an adjunct with levodopa
What are the side effects of the MAO-B Inhibitors Selegiline and Rasagiline?
Nausea
Insomnia
Headache
Orthostatic hypotension
Headache
Joint pain
Depression
Hallucinations
What are the considerations of the MAO-B Inhibitors Selegiline and Rasagiline?
Can delay the need for levodopa in early parkinsons disease. May interact with other medications and foods containing tyramine, leading to hypertensive crisis
Less likely to cause insomnia than selegiline. Avoid tyramine rich foods and certain medications that can interact with rasagiline
What are the anti-anxiety benzodiazepines drugs?
Diazepam
Lorazepam
Alprazolam
What are the uses of the benzodiazepines for anti-anxiety?
Short-term relief of acute anxiety symptoms
Panic disorders
Insomnia
What are the side effects of the benzodiazepines for anti-anxiety?
Sedation
Dependence and withdrawal
Cognitive impairment
What are the considerations of the benzodiazepines for anti-anxiety?
Use cautiously in the elderly
Avoid abrupt discontinuation to prevent withdrawal symptoms
What are the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) drugs?
Fluoxetine
Sertaline
Escitalopram
What are the uses of the SSRI drugs?
Generalized anxiety disorder
Social anxiety disorder
Panic disorder
What are the side effects of the SSRIs drugs?
Nausea
Insomnia
Sexual dysfunction
What are the considerations of the SSRIs drugs?
Gradual titration to minimize side effects
May take a few weeks to achieve therapeutic effect
What are the serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) drugs?
Venlafaxine
Duloxetine
What are the SNRIs uses?
Generalized anxiety
Panic disorder
Social anxiety disorder
What are the side effects of the SNRIs drugs?
Nausea
Insomnia
Increased blood pressure (venlaxfine)
What are the considerations of the SNRIs drugs?
Monitor BP especially with venlafixine
Titrate dose to minimize side effects
