Random Cardiovascular Flashcards by Kiley Galindo

What are the Thiazide diuretic drugs?

Hydrochlorothiazide
Chlorthalidone
Indapamide
Metolazone
Chlorothiazide

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What are the uses of the thiazide drugs?

HTN
Edema
HF
Nephrolithiasis
Diabetes insipidus

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What are the side effects of the thiazide diuretics?

Electrolyte imbalances
Dehydration
High BS
Lightheadedness
Erectile dysfunction
Skin rash
Gout

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What are the considerations for the thiazide diuretics?

Monitor for HTN
Do not take if hx of gout
Avoid in renal failure
Avoid if on lithium
May cause sulfa allergy

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What are the loop diuretic drugs?

Furosemide
Bumetanide
Torsemide

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What are the uses of the loop diuretics?

Edema
HTN
HF
Kidney disease
Liver disease

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What are the side effects of the loop diuretics?

Itching
Ototoxicity
Electrolyte imbalances
Dehydrations
Hypotension

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What are the considerations of the loop diuretics?

Limit sodium intake
Monitor weight
Monitor BP
May cause orthostatic hypotension
Monitor edema
Will have increased urine output

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What are the potassium sparing diuretic drugs?

Spironolactone
Amiloride
Triamterene

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What are the uses of the potassium sparing diuretic drugs?

HTN
Edema
HF
Nephrotic syndrome

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What are the side effects of the potassium sparing diuretic drugs?

Hyperkalemia
Gynecomastia
Menstrual irregularities
Erectile dysfunction
Headaches
Nausea
Vomiting
Dizziness

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What are the considerations of the potassium sparing diuretics?

Do not use with sulfonamides
Use caution in liver disease
For use in combo with other diuretics
Monitor for orthostatic hypotension

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What are the anticoagulant drugs?

Warfarin
Heparin
Dabigatran

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What are the uses of the anticoagulant drugs?

Prevent clotting

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What are the side effects of the anticoagulant drugs?

Bleeding

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What are the antiplatelet drugs?

Aspirin
Clopidogrel
Prasugrel

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What are the uses of the antiplatelet drugs?

Prevent platelet aggregation

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What are the side effects of the antiplatelet drugs?

Bleeding, GI upset

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What are a few of the ACE inhibitor drugs?

Lisinopril
Enalapril
Ramipril
Captopril

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What are the uses of the ACE inhibitor drugs?

Lower blood pressure

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What are the side effects of the Ace inhibitors?

Cough
Hypotension

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What are some of the ARB medications?

Losartan
Valsartan
Candesartan

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What are the uses for the ARB medications?

Treat HTN
HF

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What are the side effects of the ARB medications?

Hypotension

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What are some of the beta blockers?

Metoprolol Propanolol Atenolol

What are the uses of the beta blockers?

Treat HTN HF

What are the side effects of the beta blockers?

Bradycardia Hypotension

What are the calcium channel blocker drugs?

Amlodipine Verampamil Diltiazem

What are the uses for the caclium channel blockers?

Treat HTN and angina

What are the side effects of the calcium channel blockers?

Hypotension Constipation

What is the use for the drug digitalis (digoxin)?

Treat HF Arrhythmias

What is the side effects of digoxin?

Toxicity Bradycardia

What are the vasodilator drugs used in cardiac?

Nitroglycerin Isosorbide mononitrate Hydralazine

What are the uses for the vasodilator drugs?

Dilate blood vessels to lower blood pressure

What are the side effects of the vasodilator drugs?

Hypotension Reflex tachycardia

What are the antiarrhythmic sodium channel blocker drugs?

Procainamide Lidocaine Flecainide

What are the uses of the antiarrhythmic sodium channel blocker drugs?

Treatment of ventricular arrhythmias Conversion of atrial fibrillation/flutter

What are the side effects of the antiarrhythmic sodium channel blocker drugs?

Proarrhythmia (can worsen existing arrhythmias) CNS effects (dizziness, tremors) Hypotension

What are the considerations of the antiarrhythmic sodium channel blocker drugs?

Regular ECG monitoring Adjust dosage based on renal function

What are the beta-blockers used for antiarrythmics?

Propranolol Metoprolol Esmolol

What are the uses for the beta-blockers for antiarrhythmic?

Suppression of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias Rate control in atrial fibrillation/flutter

What are the side effects of beta blockers in antiarrhythmics?

Bradycardia Fatigue Bronchoconstriction (in asthmatic patients)

What are the considerations of the beta blockers in antiarrhythmics?

Caution in patients with HF Monitor BP and HR

What are the potassium channel blocker antiarrhythmic drugs?

Amiodarone Dofetilide Sotalol

What are the uses of the potassium channel blocker drugs?

Maintenance of normal sinus Rythm in atrial fibrillation/flutter Treatment of ventricular arrhythmias

What are the side effects of the potassium channel blockers?

Pulmonary toxicity (amio) QT prolongation (dofetilide, sotalol) Thyroid dysfunction (amio)

What is adenosine used for in antiarrhythmics?

Adenosine is primarily used to convert PSVT to normal sinus rhythm Can be used as a diagnostic tool to help identify the origin of certain tachycardias

What are the side effects of adenosine?

Adenosine can cause a brief period of asystole, leading to bradycardia Some patients may experience shortness of breath

What are the considerations of adenosine?

It has a very short half-life, so its effects are transient It is administered rapidly through an intravenous line, typically in a medical setting

What are the uses of aspirin with antiplatelet agents?

prevention of cardiovascular events in individuals at risk Management of acute coronary syndrome

What are the side effects of aspirin?

GI bleeding Increase risk of bleeding Reye's syndrome (children with viral infections)

What are the antiplatelet P2Y12 Receptor inhibitor drugs?

Clopidogrel Prasugrel Ticagrelor

What are the uses of the P2Y12 Receptor Inhibitors?

Prevention of blood clot formation in patients with acute coronary syndrome or following stent placement Reduction of the risk of stroke and other CV events

What are the side effects of the P2Y12 Receptor Inhibitors?

Increased risk of bleeding GI upset (clopidogrel)

What are the considerations regarding the P2Y12 Receptor Inhibitors?

Prasugrel and ticagrelor are often used in more acute settings, but they carry a higher bleeding risk compared to clopidogrel

What are the antiplatelet glycoprotein inhibitor drugs?

Abciximab Eptifibatide Tirofiban

What are the uses of the glycoprotein inhibitors?

Used in certain situations, such as during percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) to prevent platelet aggregation and blood clot formation

What are the side effects of the glycoprotein inhibitors?

Increase risk of bleeding Thrombocytopenia (rare)

What are the antiplatelet phosphodiesterase inhibitors?

Dipyridamole

What are the uses of the antiplatelet phosphodiesterase inhibitor?O

Often used in combo with aspirin for secondary prevention of stroke and TIA

What are the side effects of the antiplatelet phosphodiesterase inhibitor?

Headache GI upset

What are the antiplatelet Protease Activated Receptor 1 antagonist drugs?

Vorapaxar

What are the uses for the antiplatelet Protease Activated Receptor 1 antagonist drugs?

Used to reduce the risk of CV events in patients with a history of myocardial infarction or peripheral arterial disease

What are the side effects of antiplatelet Protease Activated Receptor 1 antagonist drugs?

Increased risk of bleeding, especially in patients with a history of a stroke

Random Cardiovascular Flashcards

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