CNS Stimulants Flashcards
CNS Stimulants
Drugs that stimulate a specific area of the brain or spinal cord
Sympathomimetic drugs
Major Therapeutic Uses
ADHD Narcolepsy Obesity Migraine Respiratory depression syndromes
Drugs for ADHD
Amphetamine (Adderall)
Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
Atomoxetine (Strattera)
Modafinil (Provigil)
Modafinil
Used for shift workers to improve alertness
Less abuse potential than for other drugs
Amphetamines
Stimulate areas of the brain associated with mental alertness in order to elevate mood, increase alertness, decrease fatigue and drowsiness, and give prolonged wakefulness
Adverse Effects of Amphetamines
Palpitations, tachycardia, hypertension, angina, dysrhythmias, nervousness, restlessness, anxiety, insomnia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dry mouth, increased urinary frequency
Antimigraine Drugs
Triptans: Sumatriptan (Imitrex) and Zolmitriptan (Zomig)
Ergot alkaloids: Ergotamine (Cafergot)
Ergot Alkaloids
Abort migraines more quickly than triptans
Injectable or nasal spray
Drug Effects of Triptans
Stimulate 5-HT receptors in cerebral arteries, causing vasoconstriction
Reduce production of inflammatory peptides
Drug Effects of Ergot Alkaloids
Narrow or constrict the blood vessels in the brain
Adverse Effects of Triptans
VASOCONSTRICTION
Irritation at injection site
Tingling, flushing
Adverse Effects of Ergot Alkaloids
VASOCONSTRICTION Nausea and vomiting Cold or clammy hands and feet Muscle pain Dizziness
Nursing Implications
Assess baseline height and weight for children
Assess for underlying cardiovascular issues
ADHD meds should be given 6 hours before bedtime
Teach about SSRAs
Watch for chest pain with ergot alkaloids
Cardiovascular issues with anorexiants
