General and Local Anesthetics Information Flashcards
Propofol (Diprivan)
Parenteral general anesthetic
Used for maintenance of general anesthesia, sedation
Anticholinergics
Dries secretions
Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Cause respiratory depression
Inhaled Anesthetics
Inhaled gas such as nitrous oxide
Decrease pain sensation and induce amnesia
General Anesthetics Indications
Used during surgical procedures to produce unconsciousness, skeletal muscle relaxation, and visceral smooth muscle relaxation
Malignant Hyperthermia
Occurs during and or after general or the use of NMBDs
Sudden elevation in body temperature
Tachypnea, tachycardia, muscle rigidity
Treated with cardiorespiratory supportive care and DANTROLENE (skeletal muscle relaxant)
Midazolam
IV benzodiazepine
Produces amnesia
Used in colonoscopies
Patient can still follow commands, mild CNS depression
Moderate Sedation
Accomplished by using midazolam and opiate analgesics
Intrathecal Anesthesia
Used for MS and cerebral palsy
Lidocaine (Xylocaine)
Parenteral anesthetic
Lidocaine with epi keeps medicine in local area and decreases bleeding due to vasoconstriction
Nerve Block Anesthesia
Used for therapeutic management of pain
Drug is injected directly into or around the nerve trunks that supply the area to be numbed
Spinal Headache
Occurs when CSF is lost after a spinal anesthetic
Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Prevent nerve transmission in certain muscles, resulting in muscle paralysis
Short-term loss
Makes breathing hard
Used for facilitating controlled ventilation during surgical procedures, intubation
Typically -ium suffix
Adverse Effects of NMBDs
May cause hypotension, tachycardia, or hypotension
Few adverse effects when used appropriately
Nursing Implications
Close and frequent observations, monitor and measure respiratory rate, teach about anesthesia and surgical procedure
