COGNITION AND DEVLOPMENT Flashcards
(43 cards)
Schema
mental framework of beliefs that infleunce cognitive processes . How the world is represned in the mind of the individual.
me schema
child knowledge of themselves
piaget states … drives learning
motivation
disequillibrium
when our existing schema dont allow us to make sense of something new so feel at unease
accomadation
child adjusts by changing current schema or forming new ones
assimilation
add new information to existing schema
sensorimotor stage of intellectual development
0-2 years focus on physical sensations and learn by trial and error. Develop object permanence by 8 months.
pre operational stage of intellectual development
2-7 years. Lacks adult reasoning cant understand class inclusion, conservation or egocentrism
concrete operations intellectual development
7-11 years. develop egocentrism, conservation and class inclusion
formal operations intellectual development
11+. Capable of formal reasoning so focus on argument and can do syllogisms.
egopcentrism
see world only from one view point 3 mountain task
class inclusion
idea that objects fall into categories and subsets . Dogs and cats expoeriment
conservation
quantity stays same even if object chaneges
vygotsky
cognitive development was a social process of learning from experienced others. Knowledge is first intermental then intramental
zone of proximal development
gap between current level of development and what they can potenially understandafter interaction.
scaffolding
the help of adults Bruner and ross looked at this
wood, bruner and ross scaffolding
demostration, preparation for child, indication of materials, verbal instruction and general prompts
perspective taking
appreciate a social situation from another perspective.
selman persepctive taking study
30 girls 30 boys. 20 4 ,5 and 6 year olds. given scenarios such as cat in tree
selman stages of development
stage 0 egocentric stage 1 social informational stage 2 self reflective stage 3 mutual stage 4 social and conventional system
stage 0 egocentric SELMAN
3-6 years a child cant distinguish between their own emotions and those of others.
stage 1 social informatiomal SELMAN
6-8 years. child can tell difference between their viewpoint and others but only focus on one
stage 2 self reflective SELMAN
8-10 years. Can put themselves in others shoes but can only take on one viewpoitn at a time
stage 3 mutual SELMAN
10-12 years. look at their viewpoint and others at same time
