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anatomy block 4 > cognition part 2 > Flashcards

cognition part 2 Flashcards

(68 cards)

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1
Q
A
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2
Q

Stroke in Hippocampus and/or Amygdala

A

• Decreased emotional responses

Decreased responsiveness, aggression, fear, dominance and social interest

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3
Q

All neural roads lead to the

A

frontal lobes”

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4
Q

Frontal Lobe; All cortical tissue anterior to

A

central sulcus

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6
Q

motor • premotor • prefrontal

A

functional distinct regions of frontal lobe

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7
Q

Motor Movements Speech Production

A

Frontlal Lobe

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8
Q

Planning Organizing Problem solving

A

Frontal Lobe

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9
Q

Personality Behavior Emotions

A

Frontal Lobe

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10
Q

Selective attention

A

Frontal Lobe

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11
Q

• Primary motor cortex

A

Controls contralateral side of body • ‘motor homunculus’ •

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12
Q

Primary motor cortex

A

voluntary, skilled movements

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13
Q

• Premotor cortex

A

• sequencing, timing, and initiation of voluntary movements

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14
Q

Brocha’s area of Frontal Lobe

A

speech production

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15
Q

Motor and pre-motor cortices of frontal lobe

A

direct control of movements through projections to spinal motor neurons and cranial nerve motor neurons

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16
Q

Motor and pre-motor cortices of frontal lobe

A

also projects to basal ganglia

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17
Q

lesion to Broca’s Aphasia

A

Inability to speak fluently

Non-fluent speech

Few words, short sentences, many pauses

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18
Q

lesion to

Broca’s Aphasia

A

Words produced with effort and sound distorted • Repetition is impaired

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19
Q

lesion to Broca’s Aphasia

A

Repetition is impaired •

Comprehension is relatively intact • Awareness of mistakes

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20
Q

Prefrontal Cortex: Executive Functions of Frontal Lobe

A

effective and efficient goal-directed behavior; organization of behavior & cognition

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21
Q

Prefrontal Cortex of Frontal Lobe

A

Initiating - Inhibiting and Judgment

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22
Q
  • Planning and organizing

and problem solving

A

Prefrontal Cortex

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23
Q

Selective attention

  • Self-monitoring
A

Prefrontal Cortex

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24
Q

Abstract thinking and mental flexibility

A

Prefrontal Cortex:

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25
Q

frontal lobe lesion

A

Short-term memory impairment

• Loss of flexible thinking

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26
Poor response inhibition
Damage to the Frontal Lobe
27
Inappropriate social & sexual behavior
Damage to the Frontal Lobe
28
Impaired judgment, abstract thinking, hypothesis testing and planning
Damage to the Frontal Lobe
29
• Difficulties using cues and information from the environment to direct, control, or change behavior
Damage to the Frontal Lobe
30
Occiptal lobe Separated from parietal and temporal lobes
by parieto-occiptal sulcus
31
Primary visual cortex is Brodmann area 17,
Occipital lobe
32
Posterior pole of cerebral hemispheres
Occipital Lobe
33
Dorsal stream of occipital lobe
visual information to posterior parietal cortex
34
Dorsal stream of occipital lobe
“where”
35
Ventral stream of occipital lobe
visual information to inferotemporal cortex
36
Ventral stream of occipital lobe
what
37
Can only perceive movement through a compilation of still images as if watching the world through a strobe light
Akinetopsia
38
Akinetopsia
inability to perceive motion
39
brain damage disrupting input to the dorsal pathway (V5/MT).
Akinetopsia
40
Occipital Lobe Dysfunction
Visual agnosia, Prosopagnosia,Akinetopsia
41
inability recognize an object
Visual agnosia
42
Prosopagnosia
inability to recognize faces including their own
43
Agnosia?
• Inability of the brain to process or make use of sensory stimuli
44
Sensory perception of the stimulus is disconnected from memories associated with the stimulus
Agnosia
45
strokes, dementia, carbon monoxide poisoning cause
Agnosia
46
agnosia not same as
blind or deaf
47
Auditory Agnosia
Inability to recognize sounds
48
Inability to perceive objects through tactile stimulation
Somatosensory Agnosia
49
Difficultly recognizing objects, faces and words
Visual agnosia occipital disfunction
50
Cannot sort pictures or objects into categories and – Cannot name objects
Visual agnosia
51
Visual agnosia Prosopagnosia Akinetopsia
Occipital Lobe Dysfunction
52
Prosopagnosia
Severe disturbance in the ability to recognize faces
53
Lesions of inferior and medial occipital lobe
Prosopagnosia
54
Recognition of facial parts is intact
Prosopagnosia
55
Prosopagnosia
• Accurate judgments about gender, age and emotion are still intact and can recall detailed information about a specific individual
56
Language is
any system for representing and communicating ideas
57
speech
particular audible manner of communicating language
58
Broca’s area –
production of area
59
Wernicke’s area –
Comprehension of language
60
Wernicke-Geschwind Model
Neural Basis of Language
61
Wernicke-Geschwind Model
Comprehension – Production – Reading
62
When we listen to speech, words are send via pathways to primary auditory cortex (Heschl’s gyrus);
relayed to Wernicke’s area(Comprehension)
63
Broca’s area
holds representations for articulating words –
64
broca's area(language production)
Instructions are sent to facial area of motor cortex -\> facial motor neurons in brain stem
65
Reading;Information is sent to visual areas 17, 18 and 19
– Goes to angular gyrus -\> Wernicke’s area
66
Wada Test
Sodium amytal, an anesthetic, is injected into the right or left carotid artery
67
Wada test If the left hemisphere is put to sleep in people who have language ability in the left hemisphere
person cannot speak
68
if right hemisphere is put to sleep, then will be able to speak with anestiic in left hemisphere
person can still talk
69
Identifying Language Areas; Electrical stimulation of the cerebral cortex on left side
left side dominance language will be disrupted with electrode stimulation

anatomy block 4 (16 decks)

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