cognitive behavioral approaches

Question 1

behavioral principles can be applied

Answer 1

to clinical problems

Question 2

symptoms are

Answer 2

learned patterns of behavior

Question 3

three generations of behavioral therapy

Answer 3

traditional/radical behavioral therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, third wave behavioral therapy

Question 4

classic conditioning involves

Answer 4

instincts and reflexes

Question 5

instincts and reflexes

Answer 5

inevitable responses of organism to internal/external stimuli

Question 6

old psychology is ____ and ___ while new psychology is ____ and ____

Answer 6

subjective and introspective; objective and behaviorism

Question 7

John B Watson had more of an emphasis on ____ behaviors than ____ processes

Answer 7

external; internal

Question 8

while some stimuli and responses are unconditioned, many are ___

Answer 8

conditioned

Question 9

conditioning emotion; before conditioning

Answer 9

loud noise -> fear -> rat -> no fear

Question 10

conditioning emotion; during condition

Answer 10

loud noise + rat -> fear

Question 11

conditioning emotion; after conditioning

Answer 11

rat -> fear

Question 12

BF Skinner believed that

Answer 12

the consequences of our behavior are important for learning

Question 13

operant conditioning

Answer 13

probability of behavior depends on consequence of previous behaviors

Question 14

reinforcement increases likelihood

Answer 14

of a behavior

Question 15

positive reinforcement

Answer 15

something pleasant occurs

Question 16

negative reinforcement

Answer 16

something aversive avoided

Question 17

reinforcement helps explain the

Answer 17

maintenance of phobias

Question 18

avoidance learning

Answer 18

avoidance of the CS leads to prevention of fear and anxiety, which leads to negative reinforcement

Question 19

obsessive compulsive disorder

Answer 19

in a fearful situation, a particular coincidentally behavior occurs, but when threat subsides and behavior linked to fear reduction

Question 20

Albert Bandura

Answer 20

social learning and social cognitive therapy, people who observed others handling snakes are less avoidant than those who had just used systemic desensitization

Question 21

goals of social learning and social cognitive therapy

Answer 21

change observable and current behaviors, symptoms are target of treatment, goals need to be specific and measurable

Question 22

characteristics of social learning and social cognitive therapy

Answer 22

time limited service (up to 20 weeks) and less intensive than psychoanalysis, clients are actively involved from the outset

Question 23

stages of therapy

Answer 23

behavioral assessment, treatment, assessment

Question 24

behavioral assessment

Answer 24

look for antecedents, behaviors, and consequences

Question 25

treatment

Answer 25

choose goals of therapy, and a method of treatment with empirical support

Question 26

assessment

Answer 26

continuous check of progress on meeting goals and treatment effectiveness

Question 27

intervention can be separated into

Answer 27

classical conditioning, operant conditioning, social learning theory

Question 28

classical conditioning

Answer 28

systemic desensitization, exposure therapy, aversion therapy

Question 29

operant conditioning

Answer 29

reinforcement interventions

Question 30

social learning theory

Answer 30

modeling

Question 31

Systemic desensitization in therapy

Answer 31

relaxation training, constructing a hierarchy, gradual exposure using relaxation techniques

Question 32

classical conditioning

Answer 32

unlearning the association

Question 33

reciprocal inhibition

Answer 33

one response inhibits another

Question 34

graded exposure

Answer 34

real life contact with fear, can be self managed or with therapist, goes through a hierarchal structure

Question 35

flooding

Answer 35

direct or imaginal, intense and prolonged exposure, requires high client motivation, stressful for patient and therapist

Question 36

modeling

Answer 36

learning behavior through others, therapist can model appropriate behaviors to help reduce anxiety

Question 38

aversion therapy

Answer 38

simultaneous pairing of target stimulus with aversive stimulus

Question 39

reinforcement interventions and token economies

Answer 39

use positive reinforcement to increase the frequency of desire behavior and reduce undesired behavior, involves giving out stickers in school

Question 40

behavioral therapy places an emphasis on ____ and is helpful with _____

Answer 40

research into techniques and assessment of outcomes; OCD and anxiety

Question 41

behavioral therapy is less useful in

Answer 41

understanding some other disorders, such as depression