Understanding And Treating Mental Health Problems

Question 1

Aetiology

Answer 1

The origin or cause of a disorder

Question 2

Prehistorical understandings of mental health

Answer 2

Possession by evil spirits and demons

Question 3

Prehistorical mental health “treatments”

Answer 3

Trephination, exorcism

Question 4

Hippocrates

Answer 4

Father of modern western medicine who developed the concept of the 4 humors

Question 5

Hippocrates thought that mental health disorders were

Answer 5

Like any other disease of the body; brain pathology, head trauma, genetics

Question 6

Galen

Answer 6

Hippocratic-Galenic Approach; humoral theory of disorders

Question 7

Sanguine

Answer 7

Cheerful, optimistic, insomnia, delirium

Question 8

Phlegmatic

Answer 8

Sluggish, apathetic, calm

Question 9

Choleric

Answer 9

Hot tempered

Question 10

Melancholic

Answer 10

Depressed

Question 11

Choleric is associated with

Answer 11

Yellow bile

Question 12

Melancholic is associated with

Answer 12

Black bile

Question 13

Phlegmatic is associated with

Answer 13

Phlegm

Question 14

Sanguine is associated with

Answer 14

Blood

Question 15

Yellow bile is associated with

Answer 15

Liver

Question 16

Black bile is associated with

Answer 16

Spleen

Question 17

Phlegm is associated with

Answer 17

Brain

Question 18

Blood is associated with

Answer 18

Heart

Question 19

Top left corner of humoral theory of disorders

Answer 19

Hot

Question 20

Top right corner

Answer 20

Wet

Question 21

Bottom left corner

Answer 21

Dry

Question 22

Bottom right corner

Answer 22

Cold

Question 23

Humoral theory of disorders treatment

Answer 23

Regulate environment to restore balance; change in diet; bloodletting; immersion in cold water

Question 24

Middle Ages continued early ideas such as humors, and they

Answer 24

Recognized the role of environmental factors

Question 25

Middle Ages treatment for mental health

Answer 25

Bleeding, purging, whipping

Question 26

Influence of the church in the Middle Ages

Answer 26

Madness as a moral failing, seen as evidence of witchcraft or possession by the devil

Question 27

Church treatments of mental health issues in the Middle Ages

Answer 27

Exorcism, fasting, prayer

Question 28

First asylums house

Answer 28

The mentally ill during the Middle Ages

Question 29

Humanism

Answer 29

Worldview emphasizing human welfare originated from the Renaissance

Question 30

Rise of humanism was caused by the

Answer 30

Decline of supernatural explanations for mental illness

Question 31

Asylums had _____ and ____ conditions

Answer 31

Very harsh, inhumane

Question 32

Pinel

Answer 32

Unchained inmates and advocated moral guidance and humane techniques based on individual needs

Question 33

William Tuke

Answer 33

Established the York retreat in England and created the County Asylums Act of 1845

Question 34

William Tuke

Answer 34

Established the York retreat in UK

Question 35

Dorothea Dix

Answer 35

Mental Hygiene Movement that reforming asylums and improving conditions

Question 36

Richard von Kraft Ebing

Answer 36

Link between General paresis and syphilis

Question 37

Emil Kraepelin

Answer 37

Importance of brain pathology in mental health disorder, developed the system for classifying symptoms to discrete disorders or syndromes, and measured effects of drugs on disordered behavior

Question 38

According to the medical model, behavior is affected by changes in

Answer 38

Brain/nervous system

Question 39

Mental health problems viewed in same way as

Answer 39

Physical illness

Question 40

The medical model created the dichotomy between ____ and _____ states

Answer 40

Normal and disordered

Question 41

The medical model theory created the implications that _____ factors are primary in development of disorder

Answer 41

Biological

Question 42

The medical model created the implication that the diagnosis is treated and not the

Answer 42

Individual

Question 43

Role of therapy in the medical model

Answer 43

Psychological problems result from physical problems -> change physical state

Question 44

Medical model therapies

Answer 44

Drug therapy, electroconvulsive therapy, psychosurgery

Question 45

Why do we classify mental health problems

Answer 45

Same diagnosis, treatment, and research internationally

Question 46

Issues with diagnosis and classification

Answer 46

Reliability and consistency of judgement because the boundaries between disorders can be unclear

Question 47

Cross cultural inconsistencies

Answer 47

Issue with diagnosis and classification where the ethnicity of diagnosing physician influences diagnosis

Question 48

What is considered normal in one society

Answer 48

Might not be in another

Question 49

Culturally bound syndromes

Answer 49

Conditions that are specific to a certain place/culture/group

Question 50

25 culturally bound syndromes are listed in the DSM 4 but the DSM 5 considers culture related diagnostician issues for each condition and listing 9

Answer 50

Cultural concepts of distress

Question 51

Benefits of receiving a diagnosis

Answer 51

Able to understand what’s going on, guides decisions for treatment plan, facilitates access to service and support

Question 52

Downsides to receiving a diagnosis

Answer 52

Labeling, stigma, and self fulfilling prophecy

Question 53

Dimensional approach

Answer 53

Mental health disorders exist on a spectrum

Question 54

An alternative to the medical model must make no dichotomy between _____ and ____ states

Answer 54

Normal and disordered

Question 55

An alternative to the medical model must consider _____ and _____ factors

Answer 55

Social and psychological

Question 56

An alternative to the medical model must make the ____ the focus of the treatment

Answer 56

Individual

Question 57

An alternative to the medical model must consider _______ interventions as primary treatment

Answer 57

Non pharmacological