Cognitive Behavioural Therapy

Question 1

What does CBT stand for ?

Answer 1

Cognitive behaviour therapy

Question 2

Who created the CBT principe ?

Answer 2

Aaron T.Beck

Question 3

What is CBT

Answer 3

A therapy - The therapist will work with the client to gather information of difficulties.

Based on the cognitive model which suggests that you changing our cognition and negative automatic thoughts we can change the way we feel and behave.

Question 4

Explain the 5 steps to the maintenance cycle

Answer 4

1 - There is a situation/Trigger 
2- Thoughts 
3- Feelings/emotions 
4- Behaviour 
5- Physical reaction

Question 5

Explain the maintenance cycle in terms of a stressful day at work and smoking.

Answer 5

Situation - Stressful day at work 
Thought - I need a cigarette 
Feelings - overwhelmed 
Behaviour - Smoke a cigarette 
Physical reaction - Effects of nicotine in the short term but then we experience feelings of withdrawal which will feed the cycle

Question 6

Explain the maintenance cycle in terms of being anxious going to the supermarket.

Answer 6

Situation - goes to the supermarket
Thought - everyone is looking at me
Feeling - self conscious
Behaviour - leaves the supermarket and doesn’t get shopping
Physical reaction - feels sick, sweaty hands, heart beating

Question 7

Explain the formulation step of CBT

Answer 7

Psychological formulation is a “picture” is why someone is experiencing the problems they are. Provides an explanation rather than a label. It comes from evidence that our early experiences impact on our core beliefs which impacts on our thoughts, feelings and behaviours.

Question 8

Explain the steps of formulation

Answer 8

1 - Early experiences impact our …
2 - Core beliefs impact out …
3 - Rule of living

Question 9

Who is CBT recommended by (organisation and year) and what is it recommended for ?

Answer 9

NICE Guidance (2009) as the psychological treatment for most mental health disorders.

Question 10

What 9 things is CBT composed of ?

Answer 10

1 - A collaborative relationship - lead mostly by the client
2- Sessions are structures - Set an agenda with a client and set time limitations.
3 - Goal directed - Identify specific goals
4 - Examination and questioning of unhelpful thinking - Get people to examine their own thought process.
5 - Range techniques
6 - Teaching the client to be their own therapist
7 - Homework - weekly tasks
8 - Time limited - There are guidelines for the amount of sessions expected
9 - Formal and informal CBT - Formal CBT is provided by trained specialists but as nurses we might use informal skills from CBT to aids our work with clients.

Question 11

Questions people could consider to challenge negative thought

Answer 11

Am I only noticing the downside of things ?
Am I expecting myself to be perfect ?
Am I blaming myself for something that isn’t my fault ?
Am i feeling hopeless about the possibility of changing things ?

Question 12

What is Socratic dialogue ?

Answer 12

By answering a clients question with a question allows them to realise their own problems they were having through guided discovery.

Allows the person to think for themselves. When providing a therapeutic relationship it’s not our place to decide the right and wrong for a person.

Question 13

What is some examples of Socratic questioning ?

Answer 13

What was going through your mind before you felt sad ?
What could be the worst thing to if it’s true ?
What are your thoughts surrounding this at the time ? And now ?

Question 14

What might challenge CBT participation ?

Answer 14

• cognition
• engagement
• understanding
• willingness to bring about change
• keeping to structure - time limited
• overcoming to resistance