Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psychology 2B > Cognitive neuroscience > Flashcards

Cognitive neuroscience Flashcards

1
Q

Metabolism

A

change of matter
different substances change one into another
change in a way to seek balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Membranes

A

2 lipid layers
border between the cell and outside world
Interspersed with protein models: transport signalling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Microtubules

A

Part of cell along which proteins can move with a different signal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cambrain revolution

A

Muti cell organism eruption
This point is where response to stimuli begins
Different cells start specialising

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Synaptic transmission

A

2 ways in which neurons can communicate
Gap junction
Chemical synapses (energy intensive)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Myelin

A

Around the axon which isolates so that the action potential is jumping rather than moving continuously
Faster impulse transmission over large distances
Characteristic of vertebrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Cerebellum

A

Important for coordination of movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The 3 brains theory

A

Reptilian brain = brain stems
Limbic system
Neocortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Ontogeny

A

Development of a cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Phylogeny

A

Development of the whole organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Embryology

A

Development of the embryo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Stem cells

A

A cell which can become anything

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Stem cell research

A

Take cells before they specialise and introduce them into parts of the brain and take on the normal role of that location

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pluripotent

A

Cell than can become anting (pre specialisation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Sodium and potassium concentrations

A

Na is outside the cell

K inside the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which cells are more efficient out of gap junctions and chemical synapses

A

chemical

17
Q

Neurotransmitters

A

Substances that o around at the synapses and produce activation in the cell they are sent to

18
Q

Eukaryotic cell

A 
Cell nucleus 
Mitochondria 
Lysosomes 
Golgi apparatus 
Chloroplasts 
Microtubules
19
Q

Advantages of chemical synapses

A

Summation
Collateral activation and inhibition
Pre synaptic: positive and negative feedback
Post synaptic: potentiation and inhibition
Modulation

20
Q

White versus grey matter

A

myeline/connections - white

nerve cells - grey

substances like glutamate are involved in direction connections between different cortical cells

21
Q

the appearance of land animals

A

Gradual move: fresh water, swamp, land

Development of organs:
swim bladder - lungs - fills - middle ears- development of 4 limbs

22
Q

Parts of the cerebellum

A

Archicerebellum
Paleocerebellum
Neocerebellum

23
Q

Mirror neurons

A

Challenging the divide between action and perception
offering explanations for complex phenomena
Typically human
Main function is imitation

24
Q

Methods of cognitive neuroscience

A

observation of brain lesions
linking the deficits to the pathology
Single cell recordings
producing deficit in animal experiments

25
Q

Franz Josef Gall and the phrenology

A
  1. Human mental capacity consists of different separable unctions
  2. the functions can be localised in specific parts of the brain
  3. the use of a function increases the size of specific brain region
  4. the growth of a brain region leads to development of detectable lumps in the skull
26
Q

Advantages of functional neuroimaging

A

in vivo study of brain function in normal controls
can give us a picture of the brain in action
tasks can be controlled for
easy to visualise

27
Q

disadvantages of neuroimaging

A 
indirect measure of activity 
activation and inhibition 
non ecological conditions 
demonstrates that part of the brain are involved but not essenetial for a function 
inactive baseline assumption
28
Q

which organelle has its own genetic material independent from that of the nucleus

A

mitochondria

29
Q

What was the main principle in the evolution of organisms

A

specialisation

30
Q

What is the main advantage of chemical synapses over gap junctions?

A

Chemical synapses allow for modulation

31
Q

What is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter?

A

gaba

32
Q

What part of the brain is not part of the motor system?

A

thalamus

33
Q

anterior

A

front

34
Q

posterior

A

back

35
Q

aphasia

A

loss of ability to speak

36
Q

dysarthria

A

slurred/ slowed speech
peripheral problem in the brain
language is not impaired

37
Q

wilson’s disease

A

Particularly effects basal anglia
genetic
similar to parkinson’s
Automaticity of movement, particularly cell generated movement is disruption

Psychology 2B (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions