Cold War

Question 1

Truman Doctrine

Answer 1

1947 - Military support and aid to European countries

Question 2

Marshall Plan

Answer 2

1948 - $13 billion in aid given to Capitalist European countries.

Question 3

Cominform

Answer 3

September 1947 - Countries worked together. Controlled by USSR.

Question 4

Comecon

Answer 4

1949 - Trade and loans set up between Communist countries.

Question 5

Bizonia

Answer 5

1947

Question 6

New currency

Answer 6

Deutsche Mark

Question 7

Berlin Blockade

Answer 7

June 1948 to May 1949

Question 8

Operation Vittles

Answer 8

275,000 flights, 1000 tonnes of supplies per day.

Question 9

NATO

Answer 9

Formed in 1949

Question 10

Warsaw Pact

Answer 10

Formed in 1955

Question 11

Tehran Conference

Answer 11

1943 - New front agreed and USSR would declare war on Japan.

Question 12

Yalta Conference

Answer 12

February 1945 - Germany split into 4 zones, $20 billion in reparations, UN set up, free elections in Eastern Europe and Poland.

Question 13

Potsdam Conference

Answer 13

July-August 1945 - Germany and Berlin divided, Germany pays reparations and Soviets control Eastern European countries. Nazis tried for their crimes.

Question 14

USA develops atomic bomb

Answer 14

1945

Question 15

USSR developed atomic bomb

Answer 15

1949

Question 16

USA develops hydrogen bomb

Answer 16

1952

Question 17

USSR develops hydrogen bomb

Answer 17

1953

Question 18

USA tests ICBM

Answer 18

1957

Question 19

USSR tests ICBM

Answer 19

1957

Question 20

Hungarian Uprising

Answer 20

1956

Question 21

Nagy

Answer 21

Appointed in 1956 - replaced Rakosi, introduced reforms and tried to leave the Warsaw Pact.

Question 22

Soviet tanks

Answer 22

November 1956 - 1000 tanks kill 3000 Hungarian protestors

Question 23

Consequences

Answer 23

Nagy executed, reforms revoked and ‘thaw’ in relations of leaders.

Question 24

Geneva Summit

Answer 24

May 1959 - No agreement reached. Khrushchev invented to the USA.

Question 25

Camp David Summit

Answer 25

September 1959 - No agreements made. Ultimatum withdrawn.

Question 26

Berlin Ultimatum

Answer 26

November 1958 - West has six months to withdraw troops.

Question 27

Paris Summit

Answer 27

May 1960 - U2 spy plane shot down over USSR. Eisenhower refuses to apologise and Khrushchev storms out.

Question 28

Vienna Summit

Answer 28

June 1961 - Kennedy is US President, Khrushchev renews the Berlin Ultimatum and US army spending upped to $2 billion.

Question 29

Berlin Wall

Answer 29

August 1961 - 3 million East Germans had escaped by 1958. 165 mile long wall stopped people from crossing.

Question 30

Ich bin ein Berliner

Answer 30

1963

Question 31

Sugar

Answer 31

2.94 million tonnes

Question 32

Cuban Revolution

Answer 32

Jan 1959

Question 33

Bay of Pigs Invasion

Answer 33

April 1961 - 2,000 Cuban exiles killed.

Question 34

14th October 1962

Answer 34

U2 spy planes takes picture of missiles.

Question 35

500 agricultural advisors

Answer 35

July 1962

Question 36

16th October 1962

Answer 36

Advisors assembled.

Question 37

22nd October 1962

Answer 37

Quarantine of Cuba announced .

Question 38

23rd October 1962

Answer 38

Pictures presented to UN.

Question 39

25th October 1962

Answer 39

Soviet ships turn back.

Question 40

26th October 1972

Answer 40

Khrushchev sends telegram. Missiles will be removed if USA promises not to invade Cuba.

Question 41

27th October 1962

Answer 41

Khrushchev sends second telegram. US must remove missiles in Turkey.

Question 42

28th October 1962

Answer 42

Missiles removed from Cuba. Turkish missiles secretly removed.

Question 43

Czechoslovakia

Answer 43

1968-69

Question 44

Stalin supported a coup in Czechoslovakia

Answer 44

1948

Question 45

Czechoslovakia purges

Answer 45

1949-54: politicians and people connected to the West killed.

Question 46

Student demonstration

Answer 46

1966

Question 47

Novotny takes power.

Answer 47

1953

Question 48

Dubcek takes power

Answer 48

1968

Question 49

Reforms

Answer 49

Censorship relaxed and freedom of speech allowed, trade unions given more power, freedom of movement, more trade.

Question 50

Leaders of Romania and Yugoslavia invited for talks.

Question 51

Invasion of Czechoslovakia

Answer 51

August 1968 - 500,000 Warsaw Pact troops invade Czechoslovakia and end the Prague Spring.

Question 52

Czech people arrested

Answer 52

1,000

Question 53

Brezhnev Doctrine

Answer 53

September 1968 - Countries in Warsaw Pact would intervene if a country tried to leave.

Question 54

Impacts of Prague Spring

Answer 54

Yugoslavia and Romania condemned invasion, Communist parties of Italy and France cut ties, supported by East Germany and Poland.

Question 55

Detente

Answer 55

1969-1979

Question 56

SALT 1

Answer 56

May 1972 - Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty states that ABM’s were only allowed at two sites with a maximum of 100 missiles at each. Interim treaty restricted number of ICBMs and SLBMs. Basic Principles Agreement laid down rules for nuclear warfare.

Question 57

The Helsinki Accords

Answer 57

1975 - 33 nations agreed on borders, human rights and co-operation and trade.

Question 58

SALT 2

Answer 58

June 1979 - restrictions imposed on missile launchers and strategic bombers and ICBM testing banned, limited number of missiles. Treaty never passed.

Question 59

Pro-soviet government in Afghanistan

Answer 59

April 1978

Question 60

Government toppled and Amin becomes leader.

Answer 60

September 1979

Question 61

Invasion of Afghanistan and Amin assassinated and replaced by Kamal.

Answer 61

24th December 1979 and 27th December.

Question 62

Carter Doctrine

Answer 62

January 1980 - USA would repel by force any threat to American interests in the Persian Gulf.

Question 63

Ronald Reagan wins election

Answer 63

1980

Question 64

Evil Empire speech

Answer 64

1983

Question 65

Reagan Doctrine

Answer 65

America would support anti-Communist governments and groups overthrowing Communist governments.

Question 66

Strategic Defence Initiative

Answer 66

Star Wars

Question 67

Gorbachev

Answer 67

May 1985 - He becomes leader.

Question 68

Perestroika

Answer 68

Soviet state and economy reformed

Question 69

Glasnost

Answer 69

People were free to criticise government.

Question 70

Geneva Summit

Answer 70

November 1985 - No agreements made.

Question 71

Reykjavik summit

Answer 71

October 1986 - No agreements made because USA wouldn’t give up SDI

Question 72

Washington summit

Answer 72

December 1987 - INF treaty created - 500 to 5,500 km range nuclear missiles abolished.

Question 73

Moscow Summit

Answer 73

1988 - INF treaty improved and troops in Afghanistan reduced.

Question 74

Malta

Answer 74

1989 - George Bush new President and Cold War over.

Question 75

Sinatra Doctrine

Answer 75

Soviet Satellites free to choose how they would be governed.

Question 76

Hungary, Poland and East Germany

Answer 76

1989 - Borders removed and elections held.

Question 77

Czechoslovakia and Romania

Answer 77

1989 - Leaders overthrown.

Question 78

Warsaw Pact dissolved.

Answer 78

1991

Question 79

Coup against Gorbachev

Answer 79

1991