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Cold War > Cold War to 1945 > Flashcards

Cold War to 1945 Flashcards

1
Q

COLD WAR TO 1945

A

COLD WAR TO 1945

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2
Q

What did the Soviet Union feel about the capitalist powers of Great Britain and the USA?

A

They wanted communism to be overthrown

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3
Q

How many American soldiers died in the Russian Civil War?

A

279

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4
Q

How many British soldiers died in the Russian Civil War whilst fighting for the Whites?

A

359

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5
Q

Who did France give Renault tanks to in a war vs Russia in 1920?

A

Poland

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6
Q

What did Churchill say about stopping communism?

A

‘Strangle Bolshevism in the cradle’

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7
Q

What did the USSR sign with Nazi Germany on the 23rd August 1939, stunning the West?

A

The Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact

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8
Q

What was a potential reason for the USSR signing the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact?

A

They feared that the West would come to an understanding with Germany and not help the USSR in the event of an invasion

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9
Q

When did the USSR invade Poland?

A

17th September 1939

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10
Q

When did Stalin invade the Baltic States?

A

Summer of 1940

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11
Q

When did Operation Barbarossa begin?

A

June 1941

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12
Q

When did the USA join the Grand Alliance?

A

December 1941

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13
Q

How many tanks and aircraft did Churchill agree to send to the USSR in September 1941?

A

2250 tanks and 1800 fighter aircraft

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14
Q

What did Stalin ask Churchill for in July 1941?

A

For a British invasion of France and the opening of a second front

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15
Q

What was the reason for tension in the Grand Alliance?

A

The issue of the Second front

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16
Q

What did FDR promise in 1942?

A

An invasion

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17
Q

What did Stalin question Churchill about in Moscow in 1942?

A

Whether the British troops were afraid of the Germans

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18
Q

How many Germans divisions were fighting the USSR when the Grand Alliance was formed?

A

180 divisions

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19
Q

How many Germans divisions were fighting the British in North Africa when the Grand Alliance was formed?

A

3 divisions

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20
Q

What did Stalin fear Western Allies were doing?

A

Allowing the Red Army to be weakened so the the USSR would unable to influence post-war Europe

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21
Q

When was Italy invaded by a joint Anglo-American force?

A

July 1943

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22
Q

When did Stalin, FDR and Churchill meet in Tehran?

A

November 1943

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23
Q

What did FDR promise Stalin in Tehran?

A

There would be a landing in May 1944

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24
Q

What question was significant at the Tehran conference?

A

The Polish Question

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25
Q

What was agreed at the Tehran Conference in regards to an invasion of France?

A

Anglo-American forces would invade France in May 1944

26
Q

What was it agreed at the Tehran Conference the USSR would join after Germany was defeated?

A

The war against Japan

27
Q

What was it agreed the USSR would receive at the Tehran Conference?

A

Polish territory

28
Q

What did the Allies agree at the Tehran Conference they would only accept from Germany?

A

An unconditional surrender

29
Q

When was D-Day?

A

6th June 1944

30
Q

When did Hitler commit suicide?

A

30th April 1945

31
Q

What did Stalin want to create after the war?

A

A buffer zone to protect Russia from the West

32
Q

Who mistrusted the West after the Munich Agreement of 1938, which meant that they must surrender to Germany?

A

Czchoslovakia

33
Q

Who mistrusted the West after the Munich Agreement of 1938, which meant that they must surrender to Germany?

A

Czechoslovakia

34
Q

What did Czechoslovak President Benes sign with the USSR in December 1943?

A

The Treaty of Friendship

35
Q

What did the Treaty of Friendship between Hungary and the USSR guarantee?

A

That the Communist party would have a position of primary importance after the war

36
Q

What had Hungary participated in in 1941?

A

Operation Barbarossa

37
Q

When did the Red Army enter Hungary?

A

September 1944

38
Q

What % of the vote did the Communists win in Hungary in November 1945?

A

17%

39
Q

How many key roles in government did the Communists receive in Hungary?

A

3

40
Q

How many Polish Army officers were executed in the Katyn Forest Massacre?

A

22,000

41
Q

When was the Yalta Conference?

A

February 1945

42
Q

What was agreed at the Yalta Conference in regards to Germany?

A

Germany would be divided into 4 zones

43
Q

What did Stalin promise at the Yalta Conference?

A

Free elections would be held in the countries occupied by the Red Army

44
Q

What did Stalin agree to the formation of at the Yalta Conference?

A

The United Nations

45
Q

How much was it agreed at Yalta that Germany had to pay in reparations?

A

$20 billion over 5 years

46
Q

When did Germany formally surrender to the Allies?

A

7th May 1945

47
Q

When was the Potsdam Conference?

A

17th July 1945 to the 2nd August 1945

48
Q

What did Truman tell Molotov at the Potsdam Conference?

A

The Soviets had to stick to agreements - relations were no longer a ‘one way street’

49
Q

When was the USA’s first successful atomic bomb test?

A

16th July 1945 - day before Potsdam

50
Q

What did the West recognise at the Potsdam Conference?

A

That Eastern Europe would be in the Soviet sphere of influence

51
Q

Why did Churchill storm out the room in a meeting with Stalin at the Tehran Conference?

A

Stalin ‘joked’ that 50,000 - 100,000 German officers should be executed so that they could not start another war

52
Q

At what conference was the Percentages Agreement drawn up?

A

4th Moscow Conference October 1944

53
Q

How was it agreed that Romania would be divided?

A

USSR got 90%, others 10%

54
Q

What happened to 16 representatives of Poland when they were invited by the USSR to discuss the future of Poland?

A

They were arrested and put on show trials in Moscow where they were forced to confess to collaboration with the Nazis

55
Q

What was the USSR by nature?

A

Expansionist

56
Q

What did Stalin annex in 1940?

A

The Baltic States

57
Q

What were countries liberated by the Red Army forced to adopt?

A

Communist regimes

58
Q

How many Soviets died fighting in WW2?

A

25 million

59
Q

What policy did Truman adopt in 1945?

A

A containment policy

60
Q

What allowed the USA to be aggressive when dealing with the Soviets?

A

They had an atomic bomb

Cold War (26 decks)

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