Common infections

Question 1

What type of pathogen causes malaria?

Answer 1

a protist called plasmodium

Question 2

What type of pathogen causes tuberculosis?

Answer 2

a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 3

What type of pathogen causes Ebola?

Answer 3

virus

Question 4

What type of pathogen causes stomach ulcers?

Answer 4

bacterium

Question 5

Describe the symptoms of cholera

Answer 5

-watery, pale coloured diarrhoea, often in large amounts (watery faeces)

Question 6

Describe the symptoms of malaria

Answer 6

• fever (high temperature)
• weakness
• chills
• sweating

Question 7

Describe the symptoms of tuberculosis

Answer 7

• lung damage seen in blood speckled mucus
• weight loss
• fever and chills
• night sweats

Question 8

Describe the symptoms of Ebola

Answer 8

• internal bleeding and fever (haemorrhagic fever)
• severe headache
• muscle pain
• vomiting
• diarrhoea (frequent watery faeces)

Question 9

Describe the symptoms of Chalara ash die-back

Answer 9

• leaf loss
• bark lesions (damage)
• dieback on top of tree (crown)

Question 10

What type of pathogen causes cholera?

Answer 10

bacterium

it is spread through contaminated food and water

Question 11

Describe the symptoms of stomach ulcers

Answer 11

• inflammation in stomach causing pain

- bleeding in stomach

Question 12

What type of pathogen causes HIV/AIDS?

Answer 12

virus

Question 13

What type of pathogen causes Chalara ash die-back?

Answer 13

fungus

Question 14

Describe the symptoms of HIV/AIDS

Answer 14

• mild flu-like symptoms may occur when first infected
• often, no symptoms for a long time
• eventually, repeated infections (like TB) that would not be a problem if their immune system was working properly

Question 15

Describe a communicable disease caused by a bacterium and the symptoms of the disease.

Answer 15

Cholera is a communicable disease. Its symptoms are diarrhoea in large amounts.

TB is a communicable disease. Two of its symptoms are blood speckled mucus and weight loss.

Stomach ulcers are a communicable disease. They cause inflammation and bleeding in the stomach.

Question 16

Give one example of a pathogen from each of the following groups, describing two signs of the infection it causes:

(a) virus
(b) protist
(c) fungus

Answer 16

(a) HIV or Ebola

HIV: no signs/symptoms for a long time, flu like symptoms on first infection, many repeated infections as immune system stops working
OR
Ebola: diarrhoea, muscle pain, severe headache, internal and external bleeding, vomiting, fever

(b) malaria

fever, weakness, sweating and chills

(c) Chalara

leaf loss, bark lesions/damage, dieback from top of tree