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Biology > Hormones > Flashcards

Hormones Flashcards

1
Q

What are hormones?

A

chemical messangers that target organs in the body

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2
Q

What are hormones released by?

A

endocrine glands into the blood

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3
Q

pituitary gland

A

TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone)

ADH (antidiuretic hormone)

FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)

LH (luteinising hormone)

in the brain

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4
Q

hypothalamus

A

TRH (thyrotropin-releasing hormone)

CRH (corticotropin-releasing hormone)

in the brain

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5
Q

thyroid

A

thyroxine

base of the neck

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6
Q

adrenal glands

A

adrenalin

top of the kidneys

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7
Q

pancreas

A

insulin
glucagon

above the kidneys but below the lungs

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8
Q

ovaries

A

oestrogen

progesterone

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9
Q

testes

A

testosterone

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10
Q

Target organ: TRH and CRH

A

pituitary gland

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11
Q

Target organ: TSH

A

thyroid gland

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12
Q

Target organ: ADH

A

kidney

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13
Q

Target organ: FSH and LH

A

ovaries

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14
Q

Target organ: insulin and glucagon

A

liver, muscles, and adipose tissue

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15
Q

Target organ: adrenalin

A

various organs, heart, liver, skin

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16
Q

Target organ: progesterone

A

uterus

17
Q

Target organ: oestrogen

A

ovaries, uterus, pituitary gland

18
Q

Target organ: testosterone

A

male reproductive organs

19
Q

What is a target organ?

A

Where a hormone acts/ causes a response

20
Q

State what a hormone is.

A

a chemical messenger / substance produced by an endocrine gland

travels in blood and affects target organs/cells

21
Q

Give two differences between nervous and hormonal communication.

A

hormones are chemical
nerve impulses are electrical/ionic

hormones travel in blood to all parts of the body/ target organs
nerve impulses travel directly to the site of action/ muscles or glands

nerve impulses usually affect one organ
hormones may affect several organs

nerve impulses are short lived and quicker
hormones last longer and are slower to work

22
Q

What happens to a hormone once it has been used?

A

it is destroyed by the liver

Biology (82 decks)

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