Communities/organisms/distribution and abundance (ecology) Flashcards
(20 cards)
Community
A collection of different populations that are independent in a habitat.
Stable community
Communities where a number of species and the population size stays relatively constant
Individual
One organism and also one type of organism
Population
Group of individuals that all belong to the same number of species/occupy habitats
Ecosystem
Interaction of community of living organisms with the non living parts of their environment
Biome
Group of ecosystems that share similar climates and typical organisms
Biosphere
The volume of the earths surface where organisms can be found
Interdependence
The idea that everything in nature is connected to and depends on every other thing
Biotic factors
Are living factors
Abiotic factors
Are non living factors
(Water and minerals in soil
Distribution
Where particular types of organisms are found within an environment
Examples of how animals and plants interact with each other
Feeding, pollination, predation, building nests and shelters, nutrient recycling
How do ecologists measure abundance
Using quadrants and transects
Random sampling
Used to compare the distribution of the same organisms in different habitats using a quadrant. To count the number of species in an area
Quadrant
Can be thrown randomly backwards over the shoulder
To make sure the results are valid is by sampling multiple times in different places to get a accurate result
Transect
Another way of of measuring the distribution of organisms(systematic sampling), not random, to see a change in species distribution in a line
Habitat
Is the environment in which the an organism lives
Grassland, sea, rainforest, desert
What are the 4 biotic factors ?
Availability of food
New predators
Competition
New pathogens
What are the 7 abiotic factors ?
Light intensity (for photosynthesis) Temperature Water pH and mineral component Wind intensity Carbon dioxide and oxygen
Oxygen is needed for aerobic respiration
True
